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Author: Smile Editorial Team

Categories
CSR

Impact Investment Transforming India’s Social Landscape

IPL Inspiring Stories
Cricket, CSR, and Rural Child Development: Lessons from IPL Inspiring Stories

Impact investing is a bridge between ambition and action, pairing together financial returns and societal good. Imagine this: A young family office, operating out of a bustling urban center in India, decides to channel part of its wealth into supporting a health NGO offering affordable diagnostics to rural patients. Such a project will produce healthy returns and also empowers entire communities, creating change that spans generations. Such an investment is not a charity with strings or a routine business investment, it’s the sweet spot where doing good meets doing well: impact investing.

India, poised at the crossroads of immense wealth and urgent social challenges, finds itself uniquely positioned to lead the global narrative on impactful capital deployment. Yet, behind the innumerable stories of change lies a landscape full of complexities and more potential, waiting to be informed by a proactive cohort of investors and brands.

Impact Investing: An Ecosystem on the Rise

India’s impact investing ecosystem has come a long way, growing at an impressive 26% CAGR between 2010 and 2019. What was once an unfamiliar concept—marrying financial returns with social outcomes—is now becoming a compelling asset class, particularly for Family Offices (FOs) and High Net Worth Individuals (HNIs). These entities contributed $279.5 million between 2016 and 2020, representing a modest yet promising 3% of India’s total impact investment volume.

The numbers, however, tell only part of the story. Impact investment is as much about intention as it is about outcome, and many investors are only now discovering this balance. It’s the younger generation—often women within family-run offices—that are rewriting investment theses to focus on equity, sustainability, and measurable outcomes. They see opportunities not just in generating returns but in creating real, transformational change for underserved communities.

Yet, the challenge lies in translating intention into action. Despite increasing interest, a significant portion of first-time investors, nearly 80%, drop off after making an initial investment. Their withdrawal speaks less to a lack of opportunities and more to systemic barriers—ranging from a lack of understanding of impact measurement to an overabundance of nascent businesses with high-risk profiles.

Beyond the Usual Suspects: Rethinking Priorities

Traditionally, financial inclusion and healthcare dominate the impact investing space, capturing nearly half of all investments. And while these sectors remain essential, they represent a conventional understanding of impact. There’s a need for investors, especially those dabbling in CSR-related projects, to think beyond microloans and hospital beds.

Consider the rise of climate tech within impact investing, where investments in electric vehicles, renewable energy, and sustainable agriculture are beginning to steal the spotlight. These emerging sectors address India’s evolving needs while tapping into global movements toward sustainability. Investments in companies like Ola Electric and Ather Energy reflect this shifting focus—a strategic pivot towards environmental stewardship.

Children at a Mission Education centre

For those managing corporate social responsibility partnerships, the lessons are clear: think expansively. Look at how technology for good, urbanisation-driven ed-tech solutions, and agritech for smallholder farmers can serve as fertile grounds for innovation. These sectors yield both dividends and also resonate deeply with stakeholders increasingly drawn to businesses with purposeful missions.

Peeling Back the Challenges: What’s Stalling the Ecosystem?

Amid all this enthusiasm, the Indian impact investment sector is far from its peak. Certain barriers weigh heavily, often hampering the very foundations needed for sustained participation.

  1. Impact Measurement Vacuum: The inability to quantify and compare social impact remains a persistent problem. Unlike traditional investments, where profit margins are clear-cut, measuring the ‘good’ in impact is deeply nuanced. Without standardised frameworks, investors often distrust claims of transformational change.
  2. Limited Product Diversity: Most opportunities gravitate towards equity-based investments, with debt or hybrid instruments rarely in play. Yet, ‘friendly debt’ could provide flexible funding without diluting ownership, bridging the gap between social enterprises’ urgent capital needs and investor expectations.
  3. Sector Maturity vs. Retention: Over 50% of FO investments occur at the seed stage, providing necessary lifelines for early-stage ideas. However, less than one in five investors continues beyond their inaugural investments, leaving a vacuum in mid-to-late-stage funding—a critical phase for scaling impact enterprises.
  4. Investor Mismatch: An overwhelming 65% of FOs report difficulties in finding ventures that align both financially and socially with their visions. Layer onto that an inadequate ecosystem of wealth managers prepared to guide impact-first investors, and the landscape grows more fraught.

Crafting a Roadmap for Brands and Investors

While these challenges seem daunting, they present a deciding opportunity for investors and CSR strategists alike to engage deeply and course-correct the narrative. Brands, especially those balancing financial results with community impact goals, can find immense value in aligning their strategies with impact ecosystems.

Breaking Down Myths Around Concessionary Returns

Indian impact investors are at a crossroads: nearly half of surveyed FOs are willing to trade off high returns for sustainable impact. What they seek, however, is not blind charity but measurable impact. Clear reporting tools and better storytelling from impact enterprises could close this confidence gap, building long-term, synergistic relationships.

Why is Doorstep Healthcare More Important for Women?
Doorstep Healthcare for the Elderly through our Smile on Wheels initiative

Mid-Stage Support Is Non-Negotiable

The failure of early-stage ventures to access scaling capital is a gaping hole in India’s impact pipeline. Corporates, through sustained CSR engagements, can step into this critical phase—not as passive donors but as active investors. Supporting scaling enterprises offers not only financial growth but also ensures broader outcomes that splashes across industries.

The Hidden Edge of Direct Deals

Approximately 60% of investments by FOs come through direct deals rather than funds, reflecting the preference for closer involvement in decision-making. By identifying nimble and innovative enterprises, brands can replicate this strategy, steering impactful ventures more meaningfully without intermediaries.

Reframing CSR Through an Impact Lens

For CSR-focused leaders, India’s impact investing narrative presents not just an opportunity but an imperative. Supporting enterprises that blend commercial viability with community-first missions sends a powerful message to both internal and external stakeholders. This form of investment isn’t an expense; it’s a strategic pivot into sustainable ecosystems that bring reputational, financial, and ethical rewards.

The status of impact investing in India reflects a sector still finding its footing. But its growth trajectory is unmistakable. What remains is for brands and investors alike to redefine their role—as architects of a future where profit and purpose aren’t mutually exclusive but inherently aligned.

One way to ensure a seamless and impactful entry into this space is by partnering with organisations that have deep grassroots engagement and the expertise to drive meaningful change—such as Smile Foundation. With over two decades of experience in delivering education, healthcare, livelihood, and gender equity solutions, Smile Foundation is one of the frontrunners in bridging the gap between ambitious CSR goals and measurable outcomes.

Employee Engagement: Adobe Employees painting shoes for children of Smile Foundation

Whether it’s designing community-driven education programmes, supporting women entrepreneurs, or creating scalable healthcare initiatives, Smile Foundation offers tailored solutions that align with a brand’s unique objectives. For those venturing into impact investment or seeking to amplify their CSR partnerships, Smile Foundation’s invites you to become a strategic ally in turning intent into sustainable impact.

Categories
Smile Insights

How Project Management Skills Help Young Graduates 

Finding a way through our teachers
Finding a way through our teachers

In recent times, the world has galloped into an advanced era of Intelligent Age—an era driven by the advancement in robotics, quantum computing, digital infrastructure, biotechnology and artificial intelligence, among others. This transformation is likely to redefine how individuals live, work and communicate with others. Also, harnessing the transformation is the only way ahead to address pressing challenges and seize various opportunities that require collective effort and involvement from multiple stakeholders. 

Amid the revolution, India has been emerging as one of the major players on the global stage. Of the numerous factors, the country’s young manpower plays a vital role in going forward on the international platform. For, about 65% of its population are below 35 years. Just like everything else, this blessing can also turn into a curse if the young population fails to attract the job market. Though creating job opportunities is a vital solution, equipping the youth with requisite skills also plays a crucial role.

According to various surveys, only 50% of graduates and 20% of its engineers are employable. It shows that there is a great need for upskilling youths now amid the industrial restructuring and technological revolution. One of the ways to bridge the gaps in skill sets and upskill youths is by equipping them with project management skills. Before we discuss the importance of the skills, let’s understand what project management skills actually are. 

Understanding Project Management Skills

Project management is nothing but the process of planning, organising, managing and completing a specific project to achieve all the desired goals within the given constraints. It includes both hard and soft skills. These skills come in handy while delegating and prioritising tasks, reporting progress, managing resources, analysing issues and the performances of projects. Some of the project management skills are-

  • Risk management skills
  • Effective communication skills
  • Active listening skills
  • Time management skills
  • Problem-solving skills
  • Analytic skills
  • Prioritization
  • Cost management
  • Conflict management
  • Adaptability
  • Research skills
  • Quality management
  • Customer service
  • Leadership skills
  • Planning/coordinating

Since businesses, including transport and infrastructure, product manufacture, IT, finance and law, and building and construction, use projects to achieve their goals, it is vital for employees to equip themselves with project management skills.

Why are Project Management Skills Vital?

Project management has become inevitable to ensure the indispensable function of businesses. In the fast-paced era that has strict deadlines, businesses are starting new projects at an increasing rate. Around the same time, as projects become complex, missed deadlines, delays and failures have also become common. In this situation, it has become essential to include individuals with skill sets to manage time, cost, resources and human behaviour, in addition to providing technical expertise, in a project. Below are some of the ways in which project management skills will become vital for running a business successfully.

1. Efficient resource management: It is one of the crucial skills that is required to ensure the long-term success of a project. For it makes sure resources like time, money, materials and human talent are used sustainably and efficiently. Since it prevents overallocation or underutilisation of resources, it will reduce inefficiencies, wastages and delays.

Further, managing human resources through task distribution, workload balancing and adequate rest periods will help prevent employee burnout or disengagement. A well-rested and motivated team is more productive and innovative. It in turn will lead to more consistent progress and a higher chance of achieving project objectives.

2. Dealing with the unexpected: Change is the only constant in almost everything and projects are no different. Since no project can be completely free of unforeseen changes or events, how a team reacts and responds to it plays a vital role in determining the success and longevity of the project. Individuals should analyse potential uncertainties and develop risk management strategies. When unexpected things happen, these strategies will come in handy to adapt without derailing progress. This resilience makes the project robust in the longer run. Not just that, it will also have a significant impact on stakeholders’ confidence. 

3. Business risk management: No project can escape risks in its lifetime. So, it is always wiser to identify potential risks early and implement strategies to reduce or eliminate those risks. Effective risk management will help to identify potential cost-related risks like budget overruns and unexpected expenses, timeline conflicts and resource shortages like insufficient staffing, equipment and materials. Since a team analyses and understands the possible risks, they can make better decisions. This ability to make proactive, data-driven decisions reduces the likelihood of mistakes and miscalculations, ultimately ensuring smoother project execution over time.

4. Maximise resource output: Maximising resource output is a key strategy for ensuring the long-term success of a project. It involves optimizing the use of all available resources, such as time, human capital, money, equipment and materials, to their fullest potential. By maximising resource output, projects can operate more efficiently, remain within budget and achieve their objectives with higher quality and fewer delays. By maximising resources to their fullest, cost efficiency, enhanced quality of deliverables, risk reduction and mitigation, maximising long-term return on investment and enhanced stakeholder confidence and support are ensured.

5. Quality control: One of the significant factors that ensures the long-term success of a project is quality control. For it makes sure that the project’s output meets predefined standards and is up to the expectations of stakeholders. When quality is managed effectively throughout a project’s lifecycle, it leads to numerous long-term benefits that contribute to the project’s overall success, sustainability and growth. Not just that, maintaining high-quality standards throughout the project builds a positive reputation for the project team and organisation. Delivering quality results consistently boosts client and stakeholder confidence, positioning the organisation as reliable and professional. This reputation in turn can lead to multiple business opportunities, referrals and long-term partnerships.

When graduates are equipped with these vital project management skills in addition to acquiring technical skills, they can secure a lot of job opportunities and also grow up in their career ladder. For these skills will help them to organise and structure their work effectively, improve their time management, communicate their ideas effectively and take better and informed decisions. So, it is high time youngsters start learning these skills in addition to acquiring technical knowledge.

Categories
Health

Why is Doorstep Healthcare More Important for Women?

Why is Doorstep Healthcare More Important for Women?
Why is Doorstep Healthcare More Important for Women?

COVID-19 drew attention to the matter of women’s mental and physical health. Until then, hadn’t we all seen how women’s health was prioritised generally throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period only? Even if more women are educated and have jobs, their disposable income may not necessarily result in higher spending on medical care and may even cause a decrease. This could be linked to women’s tendencies for contributing to the welfare of their families and households. These tendencies are either natural or moulded by social, family or peer pressure.

But promoting gender equality, empowering women and eliminating discrimination are crucial for their health and well-being. Gender inclusion is necessary for effective health programmes and research planning. 

One of the most essential milestones towards women’s healthcare is the provision of doorstep healthcare services. Women are typically overlooked when it comes to healthcare due to the constraints of managing domestic chores, family responsibilities and, in many cases, careers. They are unable to set aside time to focus on their health. Furthermore, the traditional worldview causes women to value the health of others over their own.

Challenges Women Face in Accessing Healthcare

Gender Disparities in Indian Healthcare

Healthcare, like other sectors, suffers from inequities. There have constrained access to healthcare due to poverty, violence and discrimination; cultural prejudices in research funding for female healthcare services and programmes for women; and a gender wage gap with additional layoffs, particularly during their reproductive years, are all factors that make access to healthcare difficult.

Access to Specialised Care in Rural areas

In addition to a lack of trained healthcare providers and proper infrastructure with medical equipment and privacy, women in remote and rural areas may have limited access to specialised care. For example, women who need comprehensive diagnostic tests for specialised surgery may have to travel significant distances. Access to healthcare is limited due to factors such as travel costs, safety and privacy concerns and limited transportation options.

Insufficient Awareness and Lack of Prioritisation

This is an additional factor contributing to the inability of females to access healthcare. Women, particularly those uneducated, are often oblivious of any symptoms that require attention or that they can be treated and that such intervention can positively impact their prognosis. As previously said, women often prioritise household and family responsibilities over their personal health.

Kinds of Doorstep Healthcare Services

Doorstep healthcare services include mobile healthcare services in rural, remote and low-income areas that provide routine health check-ups, awareness, injection administration, pulse, blood pressure and temperature measurements, diagnostic services such as ECGs, laboratory sample collection and medication access. Even in cities, teleconsultations, online counselling and the services mentioned above are common and more specialised. Online pharmacy services include the provision of medical equipment and medication. Physiotherapy services are provided by professionally trained physiotherapists.

Home care services include ICU care, post-hospitalisation care, oncology care, medical equipment, elderly care, orthopaedic treatment and doctor consultations. The crucial aspect here is that such services are vetted and staffed by adequately qualified health professionals.

Key Areas Where Doorstep Healthcare Makes a Difference

Doorstep healthcare provides frequent prenatal checks, postnatal care and vaccinations to children, lowering mother and infant death rates by resolving issues and supporting safe delivery practices. Preventive care and health education enable early disease identification while also educating women on hygiene, diet and family planning, creating a proactive attitude to long-term health and well-being. Home-based care for lifestyle diseases and other chronic disorders provides women with constant monitoring and medication support, enabling successful treatment without the need for frequent clinic visits. Doorstep programmes also target mental health by providing counselling and treatment in the comfort of their own homes, decreasing stigma and encouraging people to prioritise mental health, which is frequently disregarded owing to societal expectations. Furthermore, such services lower the likelihood of re-hospitalisation for patients suffering from chronic medical conditions or receiving end-of-life care.

According to a UNFPA report, sexual and reproductive ill-health is responsible for one-third of the global burden of disease among women of reproductive age.  It is one of the greatest urgency in today’s time to increase investment in the health of women and girls so that they have access to high-quality healthcare services in order to maintain autonomy over their bodies and decision-making processes. This also entails providing services at their doorstep which is not a complex task in this technologically advanced era. Technology is essential for bridging the divide between home-based, virtual and mobile health services. Increased levels of care and more extensive services can be provided to a broader patient base by providing these agencies with digital health tools, financial support and training. 

The development and execution of innovative, customised strategies can be based on a more profound, nuanced comprehension of the unique healthcare requirements of women and their challenges in interacting with health systems, with the ultimate goal of promoting good health for all.

Read more about Smile Foundation’s doorstep healthcare initiatives in this article and our other healthcare interventions through Health Cannot Wait.

Categories
Women Empowerment

Top 10 Champions of Gender Equality in India

Top 10 Champions of Gender Equality in India

India, known for its rich cultures and traditions, has been wrestling with deep-rooted gender inequalities for a long time. Despite constitutional guarantees of equality, societal norms and structural barriers have perpetuated disparities in education, employment, healthcare and leadership roles. However, amidst these challenges, numerous individuals have emerged as champions, dedicating their lives to bridging the gender gap and promoting inclusivity. 

These champions have worked tirelessly to challenge stereotypes, making their contributions pivotal steps toward building a more equitable India. Let us explore the lives of ten such individuals who have made remarkable strides in advancing gender equality in India.

1. Savitribai Phule 

The mid-19th century witnessed a revolutionary force in Savitribai Phule, a pioneer of women’s education in India. Alongside her husband Jyotirao Phule, she founded the first school for girls in Pune, challenging deeply ingrained patriarchal and caste-based norms. Savitribai’s activism extended to combating practices like child marriage, widow ostracism and sati. Savitribai’s legacy continues to inspire activists striving for equitable access to education and the elimination of caste and gender biases.

2. Kamla Bhasin 

Kamla Bhasin was a feminist icon who redefined gender discourse in South Asia. Her work with Sangat, a South Asian feminist network, addressed crucial issues like domestic violence, reproductive rights and economic independence. She was known for her strong slogans like “Azaadi,” which stood for freedom from patriarchal oppression. Her activism remains vital in a country where 1 in 3 women face domestic violence. Kamla’s vision of equality continues to inspire grassroots movements, reminding us of the power of collective action.

3. Babytai Kamble 

Born into a Dalit family in Maharashtra, Babytai Kamble chronicled the struggles of Dalit women in her seminal work, The Prisons We Broke. Her writings laid bare the intersectionality of caste and gender oppression, amplifying marginalized voices in India’s social justice narrative. Babytai’s unwavering advocacy for Dalit women’s rights serves as a powerful reminder of the need to address systemic inequalities. Her work highlights the importance of acknowledging lived experiences to create meaningful change.

4. Flavia Agnes 

As a lawyer and founder of Majlis Law, Flavia Agnes has been a formidable advocate for women’s rights, especially for survivors of domestic violence and sexual assault. Her organisation has provided legal aid to over 80,000 women, bridging the gap between justice and marginalised communities. Flavia’s work underscores the critical role of legal frameworks in dismantling gender-based violence. Despite significant progress, India’s conviction rates for sexual crimes remain low, emphasising the continued need for activists like her.

5. Nandita Das 

An acclaimed actor and director, Nandita Das, has used her platform to challenge societal norms and advocate for gender equality. Her short film Listen to Her shed light on the surge in domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic, while her campaign “Dark Is Beautiful” tackled colorism in India. By merging art with activism, Nandita has created compelling narratives that resonate with diverse audiences. Her work underscores the potential of creative media in advancing social change.

6. Nangeli 

We would do injustice to our history if we don’t speak about Nangeli while talking about gender equality. Though considered only a folklore of 19th century Kerala, the story of Nangeli’s defiance against the oppressive “breast tax”  by chopping off her breasts remains a potent symbol of resistance against systemic oppression. Belonging to the Ezhava community, she sacrificed her life to protest caste and gender-based exploitation. Nangeli’s act of self-mutilation and her death sparked outrage, leading to the abolition of the tax in Travancore.

7. Dr. Trinetra Haldar Gummaraju 

Talking about gender equality shouldn’t just be limited to the strict binary idea of gender. A trailblazer in India’s LGBTQ+ advocacy, Dr. Trinetra Haldar works for inclusivity and acceptance. She is one of India’s first transgender people to digitally document her medico-socio-legal transition from male to female. She founded Advocacy Unlimited, a platform for queer individuals to share their stories and access resources. Named in Forbes India’s 30 Under 30 in 2022, Dr. Trinetra’s efforts emphasised the importance of expanding feminist discourse to include all marginalised voices.

8. Shreegauri Sawant 

A prominent transgender activist, Shreegauri Sawant has played a pivotal role in advocating for the rights of the transgender community. Her work focuses on addressing societal stigma and legal inequalities faced by transgender individuals. As a petitioner in the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) case, she contributed to the Supreme Court’s landmark 2014 judgment recognising transgender people as a third gender. Her activism aligns with the ongoing fight for the implementation of the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019.

9. Tarabai Shinde 

A contemporary of Savitribai Phule, Tarabai Shinde authored Stri Purush Tulana in 1882, a scathing critique of patriarchy and the caste system. Her work is considered the first modern feminist text in India, challenging societal norms that oppressed women. Tarabai’s writings remain relevant in today’s struggles against gender-based discrimination, offering historical context to contemporary feminist movements.

10. Harish Sadani 

Harish Sadani started MAVA (Men Against Violence and Abuse) back in 1993, making it one of India’s first organisations focused on preventing violence against women. Through his work, he’s been empowering men to stand up against abuse and support women and girls. Sadani’s mission is to bring men together to challenge gender bias and support women’s rights. He encourages men to let go of outdated ideas of superiority and stop objectifying women, while also tackling the social conditioning that often creates a divide between men and women.

Smile’s Work for Gender Equity

Smile Foundation’s Swabhiman programme is a flagship initiative dedicated to empowering women and adolescent girls in India. The programme focuses on sensitising participants to gender issues, providing life skills education and promoting health-seeking behaviour. By addressing these critical areas, Swabhiman aims to create an environment where women can lead healthy, informed and self-reliant lives. 

In addition to Swabhiman, Smile Foundation conducts Entrepreneurship Development projects for women, equipping them with the necessary skills to start and manage small businesses. These workshops are designed to foster economic independence and self-sufficiency among women, enabling them to contribute meaningfully to their communities and the broader economy. 

Through these comprehensive initiatives, Smile Foundation addresses the multifaceted challenges faced by women in India, promoting gender equality and empowering women to build better futures for themselves and their families.

India’s journey toward gender equality owes much to the contributions of these individuals who challenged the status quo and shaped the nation’s fight for justice and inclusivity. While significant progress has been made, the Global Gender Gap Report where India ranked 127th out of 146 countries, reminds us of the work still required. Drawing inspiration from these pioneers, India must continue to dismantle systemic barriers with a vision of an equitable future where every individual, regardless of gender, can thrive.

Categories
Livelihood

Doing Things Right for the Small-town Girls and Boys

Doing Things Right for the Small-town Girls and Boys
Doing Things Right for the Small-town Girls and Boys

Technology and its related industries are growing rapidly in India. In recent times, employment opportunities in fields like software development, data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence have grown exponentially. But the only question that bothers at least half of the countrymen is whether everyone of us gets an equal opportunity to explore our interests, choose a career path of our own choice and grow. It is true that every one of us deserves at least an opportunity to become empowered and independent. But, in reality, not many of us, especially those from rural areas, where more than 65% of its population reside, do not get one.

About half of Indian graduates are unemployable as per the India Skills Report 2021. Open unemployment has gone up from 2.1% in 2012 to 6.1% in 2018. The unemployment rate for graduates has gone up from 19.2% to 35.8%, and for postgraduates, it has increased from 21.3% to 36.2% during the financial year 2022-23. According to experts, India is not lacking jobs but skilled workforces.

One of the main reasons behind that is they lack the right kind of training. As IBM’s India and South Asia head, Sandip Patel pointed out, the right kind of training will make the youth from the country’s small towns more employable by the tech industry. The right kind of training will be helpful to transform the pool of untapped talent into a highly employable workforce and this in turn will contribute significantly to the burgeoning tech sector. But the real challenge lies in providing access to quality education and training to these youngsters. Below are some of the ways to do things right for small-town girls and boys.

  1. Bridging the Skill Gap

An important reason why youngsters from small towns are underrepresented in the job market is the lack of access to skills that are in demand. One of the effective ways to unlock job opportunities for rural youths is by bridging the skill gap. Before attempting to bridge the gap, one needs to analyse and understand the existing gap in skill sets. The skill gap is nothing but the disparity between the skills possessed by individuals and the skills demanded by employers in a specific industry.

Unlike the metropolitan cities that have world-class institutions and training institutions, rural areas suffer from inadequate infrastructure and qualified instructors. Since rural youths have limited access to education and technology, they are unable to meet the ever-evolving demands of modern industries, mainly in non-agricultural sectors. With industries such as information technology, healthcare, manufacturing and services booming, the demand for skilled professionals is on the rise, but rural youth often lack the training to enter these fields. This limitation restricts their growth potential. As a result, they often find it difficult to secure quality jobs that offer competitive salaries and end up being vulnerable to low-paying, informal employment.

To address the issue, everyone, including the government, educational institutions and private companies, should come together. They should invest both their time and money in expanding opportunities to avail themselves of quality technical education in rural areas. This could be done by setting up training centers, offering vocational courses and promoting the establishment of online learning platforms. By offering upskilling courses in regional languages, the reach of such programmes could be expanded even to the most remote areas. This upskilling will definitely bridge the gap and ensure job opportunities for youths.

Both the government and private bodies have taken numerous initiatives to strive towards bridging the skill gap in rural areas. Some of them are rural skill India, Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Rural skill India, digital literacy programmes and skill development centres among others.

  1. Creating Industry-academia Collaboration

To cater to the needs of the rapidly changing job market, youths need to have access to the education system that is both dynamic and relevant. But the reality is different. Though the industries are increasingly relying on emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain and sustainable energy, the traditional education system is still followed in most parts of the country.

On the other hand, educational institutions produce a pool of talented individuals. But many of them lack the practical experience that is necessary to thrive in the workplace. This is mainly because of academia’s failure to recognise the importance of incorporating real-world challenges into their curriculum. As a result, graduates may find themselves underprepared for the demands of modern industries.

The only way forward is having structured partnership between industry and academia. Industry-academia collaboration ensures that students are not only equipped with theoretical knowledge but also acquire the practical, hands-on experience necessary to excel in their careers.

Smile Foundation’s Contribution

Through our livelihood programmes, Smile Foundation has been connecting the youth from marginalised communities with sectors that have large growth potential both in terms of employability and revenue generation. For they not only understand the huge gap between existing academic systems and job requirements but are also concerned about uplifting marginalised societies and nation building. One of the important reasons for the underutilisation of Indian rural youth in the job market is that they lack the requisite qualifications and training. Our livelihood programmes are aimed at upskilling, uplifting and mainstreaming these youth. Also, they are aligned with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. 

To bridge the gap in skill sets, the organisation mobilises youth to understand their willingness. We then enroll them in the training courses that last for about four to six months. Once the training is completed, they are provided with hands-on training to prepare them for workplace challenges and career guidance. Our role just doesn’t end there. We have also tied up with numerous companies and have been offering placement support. In most cases, we also provide post-placement support.

We have partnered with more than 400 giants from various industries, including the insurance, banking and hospital sectors. Some of their employment partners are ICICI Lombard, BLK Super Specialty Hospital, HDFC Financial Services, HDFC Life, Venkateshwar Hospital, Fortis Hospital and Apollo Pharmacy. Smile Foundation has over 74 skilling centers and has conducted over 800 career counselling and industry exposure sessions.

The organisation has also partnered with several industry experts, like the Wadhwani Foundation, the NIIT Foundation and Tata Strive. With the collaboration, we were able to provide effective upskilling and vocational training. We have acquired from our partners knowledge and resources like the constant upgrade in our curriculum in core employability skills, banking, financial services and insurance (BFSI), and digital marketing. 

The partnership is indeed valuable to the trainees. For, it helps them understand the industry requirements and equip themselves with the skills in demand. Through such collaborations, we have facilitated job placements for trained candidates in companies like Quess Corp., Better Place and TeamLease. We have trained over 90,000 youths to date, of whom over 56,500 have acquired job offers.

The future of India lies in tapping into the untapped talent of small towns. By providing the right kind of training, job opportunities for rural youth are ensured. Thereby, equipping them to thrive in the digital economy. When rural youth are given the right opportunities, they can help propel the entire nation into the future of technology.

Categories
Insights

India as a Global Knowledge Superpower

How are public-private partnerships important for social change?
How are public-private partnerships important for social change?

India has long been a land of knowledge and wisdom, with its intellectual roots tracing back thousands of years. From the Nalanda and Takshashila universities to modern-day technology hubs, India’s contributions to global knowledge are both vast and significant. In the 21st century, as nations compete to lead in the fields of education, technology and innovation, India is positioning itself as a global knowledge superpower. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 is a bold step in this direction, aiming to modernise and revolutionise India’s education system. 

“The objective behind introducing the National Education Policy-2020 is to make India a Global Knowledge Superpower and I am happy to note that the Union Ministry of Education, in coordination with all the stakeholders, is continuously making efforts in line with the National Education Policy ” 

Hon’ble president Draupadi Murmu said. 

Coupled with other progressive initiatives, these reforms are not only improving access to quality education but also fostering innovation and critical thinking. India’s demographic dividend, coupled with a renewed focus on skill development, research and international collaboration, is paving the way for a knowledge-driven future.

The Legacy of Ancient Indian Education

India’s intellectual heritage dates back to the Vedic period when education was deeply rooted in the gurukul system. Knowledge transcended mere academics and encompassed holistic development. Nalanda and Takshashila, two of the world’s oldest universities, attracted scholars from as far as China, Greece and Persia. These institutions emphasised the study of diverse subjects like medicine, astronomy, philosophy and literature, laying the foundation for India’s reputation as a knowledge hub. While historical glory is significant, the challenge today lies in leveraging this rich tradition to address current educational and economic demands.

Modern India and the National Education Policy 2020

The NEP 2020 marks a groundbreaking change in India’s education system. It aims to make the education system more inclusive, equitable and aligned with global standards while retaining its Indian ethos. For the first time in decades, the policy emphasises holistic, multidisciplinary education, moving away from rote learning and rigid curricula.

The NEP 2020 focuses on foundational literacy and numeracy, aiming to ensure that every child attains basic education by 2025. It aims for 100% school enrolment by 2030 and a 50% enrolment rate in higher education by 2035. The policy promotes flexibility through a credit-based system and multiple entry and exit options, reducing dropout rates and increasing accessibility for students across diverse backgrounds. In addition, the policy highlights the importance of using the mother tongue as the medium of instruction in primary schools to improve understanding and learning. It also promotes using technology in education, crucial in today’s digital world. Initiatives like DIKSHA and SWAYAM are also being developed to aid the government deliver quality education to even the remotest areas.

The Pillars of Excellence

“A large number of new institutions of higher learning, namely 7 IITs, 16 IIITs, 7 IIMs, 15 AIIMS, and 390 universities have been set up since 2014” 

said Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. 

India’s top institutions like IITs, IIMs and AIIMS have elevated its global education standards. Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are known for producing world-class engineers and innovators, with alumni excelling in global tech and startups. Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) have shaped top business leaders and entrepreneurs, while All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) excels in medical education, research and training skilled healthcare professionals. These institutions strengthen India’s knowledge ecosystem and enhance its reputation as a hub for quality education. 

”Our prosperity depends on adequately equipping and empowering the youth. The National Education Policy 2020 is ushering in transformational reforms.”

the finance minister further added.

In addition, the Ministry of Ayush has established the first-ever All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), set up along the lines of AIIMS exemplifying India’s efforts to integrate traditional wisdom with modern healthcare. It aims to create a synergy between India’s rich traditional knowledge of Ayurveda and modern diagnostic tools and technology.

Global Collaboration and Knowledge Exchange

India’s increasing prominence as a global knowledge hub is further strengthened by international collaborations. Programs like Study in India aim to attract international students, showcasing India as an affordable and high-quality education destination. Between 2016 and 2022, the number of international students in India grew by over 20%, marking the success of such initiatives.

‘Study in India’ would focus on bringing foreign students to India in our higher educational systems”, 

said Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman.

India is also partnering with countries like the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany to promote knowledge exchange, research, and innovation. The rise in global rankings of Indian universities reflects these efforts to improve academic standards and research output.

Research and Innovation

For India to emerge as a global knowledge superpower, a robust research and innovation ecosystem is non-negotiable. The NEP 2020 prioritises research through the establishment of the National Research Foundation (NRF). This foundation aims to fund, mentor and promote research across disciplines, enabling India to compete with global leaders in innovation. 

Today, India ranks 39th in the Global Innovation Index 2024, a significant improvement from previous years, showcasing its rising potential. The success of India’s research-driven industries, such as pharmaceuticals, space exploration and information technology, reflects the country’s growing capabilities. 

The Bottom Line

India is on the cusp of becoming a global knowledge superpower, leveraging its rich legacy and modern reforms. But challenges like disparities in education access, gender gaps, the digital divide and poor infrastructure still hold us back, especially in rural areas. To move forward, we need inclusive policies like NEP 2020 and better funding for education and research. 

Nurturing innovation and critical thinking is essential to harness India’s demographic dividend.  Global partnerships and digital technologies are already pushing this vision ahead. With consistent efforts from policymakers, educators and industry leaders, India can overcome these challenges and take its place as a global powerhouse in education, research and innovation.

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Insights

How Street Plays Create Awareness in Communities?

How Street Plays Create Awareness in Communities?
How Street Plays Create Awareness in Communities?

An age-old art form in India, street plays have been a popular traditional medium of communication and spreading social awareness. Despite the dominance of the digital age, street plays continue to rule India’s hinterlands, reinforcing the fact that traditional folk media remains an effective tool for educating vast masses. Having a long history in Indian culture, street plays and street theatres go beyond being tools of entertainment and are key to disseminating information through art.

Street play is a style of theatrical presentation and performance that happens in public places without paying patrons. In addition to spreading political and social themes, it serves as a communication tool to increase public awareness on urgent social issues. Around the world, grassroots, amateur street theatre productions have become more and more popular in public health initiatives, education campaigns and community organising.

Often played and performed in a public setting such as a village, streets, temple premises,  courtyard or at a community celebration, street plays have been a popular culture for years and known under different names across India; in Andhra Pradesh, it is known as Veedi Natakam while in Maharashtra it is popularly called Path Natya. In Karnataka it goes by the name Bayalata and Nalakatha; in Tamil Nadu, it is called Terukuttu and Nukkad natak in North India.

In earlier times, it was a popular medium for spreading mythological stories and folklore; however, over time due to its potential of mass appeal, it has come to be increasingly used to highlight relevant social issues. 

A Popular Medium for Spreading Social Awareness

As a popular form of entertainment and social criticism in India, street dramas were often performed in public spaces such as college or university campuses, train stations, slums, street corners and marketplaces. Because the artists did not have to wait for patrons to enter the theatre and because, in contrast to traditional theatres, there is no ticket line for street play attendees, the message has always been widely disseminated. 

The first-ever street theatre was organised by the Indian People’s Theatre Association in 1943 solely to educate the people about the detrimental effects of imperialism and promote liberal views. The history of the street theatre movement in India began with the IPTA, which later spread throughout the country despite boundaries and cultural barriers. Women’s issues, children’s health and education, communism and economic liberation have all been important facets of street plays.

Being heavily influenced by European theatre culture and with the rise of the nationalist movement, street theatre played a significant role in social and political protest in India during the British colonial era in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

It was IPTA which came up with one of the earlier, political messages through street plays when Bijon Bhattacharya, the founder of IPTA presented the drama “Nabanna” portraying the wretched state of Bengali peasants during the Bengal famine and how Bengali landowners were abusing their enslaved farmers is realistic.

Street plays recounted stories and addressed issues that were directly relevant to the people, such as hunger, famine, poetry, communal violence, and feudal and colonial exploitation, which continued to have an impact on a community that was deeply divided by class, caste and religion.

A Social Communication Tool

As a particular type of performance art, street theatre promotes social development via the use of visual form, emotive presentation and simple reenactment.

Given the nature of how street plays are performed locally, this allows the group of artists to engage directly with a large audience to both entertain and inspire activism. People’s native forms of expression are their traditional forms of communication. Compared to today’s mass media, traditional media are more personal, recognisable and reliable, and most literate people are familiar with their formats, genres and content.

Further, street plays reinforce how traditional media is a very powerful tool for public communication. Just as a nail is used to drive out a nail, traditional media are best suited to changing attitudes and encouraging new behaviours in a traditional culture. The use of regional languages in music, dance, and folk arts, the absence of a theatrical setup and the use of few costumes or props are the essential aesthetic elements of street plays.

In contrast to traditional forms of communication, which either put the communicator and the audience via a medium or exclude the opportunities for feedback exchange, street plays are mostly community-based, short and open up ways for post-performance discussion with the audience. 

Street plays have played a significant role in raising awareness, improving public opinion and achieving positive social change in India. Street theatre, which blends education and entertainment, offers a compelling forum for individuals of all ages to actively engage with social issues, otherwise ignored by mainstream media. 

Smile Foundation and Street Plays

Smile Foundation effectively utilises street plays as a dynamic tool to raise awareness on critical social issues within communities. These performances are strategically conducted in public spaces, ensuring accessibility and engagement with a broad audience.

For instance, in Greater Noida, a vibrant street play was organised to educate the community on maternal and child health, reaching hundreds of residents. Similarly, in Calcutta Nagar, a professional team performed a street play emphasising the importance of family planning, directly engaging with the local population. 

These initiatives not only disseminate vital information but also vitalise community engagement, encouraging individuals to adopt healthier practices and make informed decisions.

By leveraging the traditional art form of street theatre, Smile Foundation bridges cultural and educational gaps, making complex health and social messages relatable and actionable for underserved populations.

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Smile

Progress Made in SDGs

Progress Made in SDGs
Progress Made in SDGs

The Sustainable Development Goals or SDGs represent an ambitious agenda established by the United Nations (UN) in 2015 focusing on the world’s biggest challenges. The goals encompass a wide range of issues, like inequality, climate change, poverty, peace and justice, etc. The SDGs are extremely important as a guide and framework for global efforts towards sustainable development and a better future. A key aspect of the SDGs is that they are not just vague targets, but are treated as actionable commitments by governments, individuals and organisations around the world.

The SDGs were framed after the conclusion of their predecessor, the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs). Those were established in the year 2000 and were aimed to be achieved by the year 2015. One aspect that sets apart SDGs from MDGs is that the latter primarily focused on poverty alleviation while the former addressed a broader spectrum of interconnected issues. There are a total of 17 SDGs and their 169 associated targets that were adopted by the United Nations in September 2015.

What the Current Targets We Want to Achieve

The SDGs, adopted in 2015, aim to achieve the targets by the year 2030. The goals are designed to be universal and inclusive, ensuring that all the countries are taken into account. Countries that need support to achieve these goals are provided financial assistance, international cooperation, capacity building and technical support. Organisations such as the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank play crucial roles in providing the necessary resources and expertise to help countries implement the SDGs.

Since these goals are framed by the UN and unanimously accepted by all the nations, they influence policy decisions and act as guiding principles for various initiatives by governments, NGOs and private entities around the world. For example, governments keep in mind the SDGs while framing their national development plans, NGOs leverage the goals to create their strategies and private companies contribute to achieving the goals through CSR initiatives.

India and the SDGs

India has been committed to the SDGs since its inception and the Indian government has demonstrated this by launching various initiatives and programs aimed at addressing the key challenges. The NITI Ayog, Indian government’s policy think tank, is responsible for the implementation and monitoring of initiatives related to achieving SDGs. In addition, private companies are also focusing heavily on aligned areas as covered under SDGs while committing to CSR initiatives and the NGOs are also dedicating themselves to achieving these goals.

For example, Smile Foundation’s projects are aligned with the SDGs, focusing on areas like healthcare, education, gender equality, etc. The organisation’s initiatives have positively impacted the lives of over 15 lakh children and their families, demonstrating the significant role that nonprofits can play in achieving the SDGs.

SDGs and Education in India

The Sustainable Development Goal 4 aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. India, committed to this goal, has made significant progress in the field of education through various initiatives. One of the most recent of these initiatives is the launch of One Nation One Subscription scheme to ensure equal and easy access to academic journals to researchers across the country with the help of a centralised national database.

Additionally, the New Education Policy (NEP) introduced by the Indian government also aims to make education more accessible to every child in India. Initiatives like Right to Education (RTE) and Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, which were launched by previous governments are also being implemented with the same commitment as the country focuses on enhancing education starting from the initial years to professional studies.

According to the Ministry of Education, the gross enrolment ratio in primary education has reached an impressive 99.2%. Furthermore, initiatives such as the Mid-Day Meal Scheme have contributed to increased school attendance and improved nutritional status among children.

SDGs and Healthcare in India

The Sustainable Development Goal 3 focuses on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all. Under this goal, it is essential for countries to ensure quality healthcare to every citizen. In India, the government has taken various initiatives to achieve this. For example, the Ayushman Bharat Scheme which was launched in 2018 aims to provide free health coverage to millions of people, particularly those who come from an economically disadvantaged background. This scheme was further extended and free health insurance up to Rs 5 lakh was announced for every citizen of India above the age of 70 years.

Apart from this, the Indian government has also been working hard to develop the medical infrastructure to support the healthcare needs of its growing population. The country has established various new AIIMS and state governments like the Delhi Government have also been working hard in this area through establishment of Mohalla Clinics that have received appreciation from around the world.

In addition to the government initiatives, organisations like Smile Foundation are also carrying out several initiatives like the ‘Health Cannot Wait’ initiative which provides accessible healthcare services to underserved communities through mobile medical vans, telemedicine centres and awareness programmes.

SDGs and Gender Equality in India

The Sustainable Development Goal 5 aims to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. India as a country has often faced criticism for the discrimination against women even when gender equality is enshrined in the Indian constitution as part of the freedom of equality. Over the years, India has seen various initiatives to bridge this gap. For example, most of the educational institutes in India have special reservations for women candidates. Initiatives like Beti Bachao Beti Padhao also aim to spread more awareness to support girl children and improve the child sex ratio.

At the same time, gender equality is being promoted by private organisations, brands, media, etc., through campaigns and initiatives. NGOs are also working on the grassroots to address the challenges that arise from there. Smile Foundations ‘She Can Fly’ initiative is one such example focusing on empowerment of girl children through healthcare, nutrition and education.

Future Steps for India

With the end of this year, we have another five years left for achievement of the SDGs. While India has made great progress, it can still accelerate the change by taking more proactive measures. Here are some of the things India can focus on:

  1. Quality of education: The country can continue to invest in technology and infrastructure to improve education delivery across institutions.
  2. Expanding healthcare access: There is still a need to ensure that healthcare facilities are available in remote regions of the country. India can leverage technology to achieve that.
  3. Addressing gender disparities: While India has a woman president, the political representation of women is still low. This is one of the many examples which shows that the country needs to do a lot more to remove barriers for women so that they can have equal opportunities as men.
  4. Strengthening partnerships: NGOs and private enterprises play a crucial role in achieving SDGs through their work on the grassroots. The Indian government should work along with these stakeholders and create partnerships that can reap benefits.

India has made an impressive progress in achieving the SDGs, especially in the areas of education, gender equality and healthcare. Through concerted efforts, the country is moving closer to a more sustainable and equitable future. However, continued investments, innovative solutions and collaborative partnerships are essential to address remaining challenges and achieve the SDGs by 2030. By focusing on improving the quality of education, expanding healthcare access, promoting gender equality and strengthening partnerships, India can become a leading player in global development and innovation, ensuring a better future for all its citizens.

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Girl Child

New Menstrual Hygiene Policy will Retain Girls in Schools

Cyberbullying in children-and-technology-connection
Protecting Children from False Information, Misinformation 

Did you know that one in four girls in India, aged between 10 and 19 years, miss their schools and colleges due to menstruation? More than the number, what is heart-wrenching is the reason behind it. According to the recent meta-analysis of 138 studies done involving 97,070 girls from across the country, they miss schools due to lack of changing rooms and unavailability of water and cleaning facilities. It is true that the country talks about becoming a superpower and yet lacks basic amenities in schools. 

A 2019 report by Dasra, a development organisation, reveals that 23 million girls drop out of school every year due to lack of proper menstrual hygiene management facilities. Most of the schools do not even ensure the availability of sanitary pads for the students. A recent UNICEF study also pointed out that over 71% of adolescent girls remain unaware of their menstrual cycle until they get their first period. Many of them drop out of school after getting periods.

Apart from the lack of basic facilities like access to toilets, sanitary pads and clean water, one needs to understand that social stigmas, taboos and harassment also play a vital role in their dropping out.

Understanding Menstruation 

Menstruation, commonly referred to as a period, is a complex but natural process that a woman’s body goes through every month. Every month, a woman’s body prepares for pregnancy. Hormones thicken the lining of the uterus and cause the ovaries to release eggs. The egg moves to the fallopian tube and waits for sperm. When it does not receive any sperm or the sperm fails to fertilise the egg, the uterus sheds its lining. The lining in turn flows through your cervix and is pushed out of a woman’s body through the vagina. Vaginal bleeding, which is partly blood and tissues, usually lasts for about three to five days.

Besides bleeding, a woman also experiences symptoms like lower back pain, abdominal or pelvic cramping pain, food cravings, mood changes, irritability, bloating, sore breasts, headache and fatigue. Some women and girls also experience premenstrual symptoms (PMS) like headache, abdominal cramps, leg pain, fatigue, irritability and mood change.

The entire cycle from the first day of a woman’s period until the first day of her next period is called the menstrual cycle. The average length of a menstrual cycle is 28 days, though it varies slightly for every woman. The first period usually starts between 11 and 14 years. It will go on till a woman crosses 50 years and attains menopause.

Why do Girls Miss School during Menstruation?

Menstruation is a natural and healthy process and it is vital for both physical and emotional health. Yet, many women and adolescent girls dread it. Even today, when more than two billion women around the world menstruate, many of them prefer not to attend schools and restrict themselves within the walls of their houses due to numerous reasons. The important ones are discussed below.

  1. Taboo and stigma: Menstruation has always been a taboo subject in Indian society. It is not discussed openly in families, schools or communities. According to a study conducted by UNICEF and WHO, more than 60% of schools do not provide menstrual health education. It means that lakhs of girls are unaware and unprepared for their first period. Even today, people, especially men, hesitate to purchase sanitary napkins and even the purchased napkins are well covered with multiple layers of paper. They also refuse to open up regarding the pain or discomfort caused during periods and suffer silently. This in turn leads to diagnosing bigger problems in later stages. The lack of open discussion on menstruation creates an environment of shame and embarrassment. This makes girls feel uncomfortable and reluctant to attend school during their period.
  2. Cultural beliefs: Several Indian communities continue to see menstruation as a sign of impurity even today. As a result, they are prohibited from entering temples or puja rooms at their houses. In many communities, menstruating women are prohibited from entering their own house and are made to stay during the period at a temporary shelter in their locality. Many are secluded and even prevented from attending family gatherings. In many other communities, they are prohibited from entering kitchens or touching any household things. Many also believe that pickles and other preserved items will decay if they are touched by menstruating women. The concept of menstrual blood being dirty leads to an association of menstruation with shame.
  3. Lack of hygiene management facilities in schools: Several studies and surveys have repeatedly pointed out that numerous schools, including government and private schools, lack proper toilets on their premises. Not just that, if they have toilet buildings, then they lack toilet doors. If the building is proper, then they don’t have access to clean water or sanitary napkins. It is always either one or more things at schools. This, coupled with social stigma, has forced girl students to stop attending schools during their periods. According to a World Bank report, girls miss up to four consecutive days of school every month because of their periods. It means that they miss about 10 to 20% of their school time and it in turn will have a serious impact on their education.

Studies report that at least 23% of rural girls are dropping out of schools after they start getting their periods. Though the percentage of dropouts is not this high in urban areas, experts point out that dropout rates do exist in those areas, as well. This in turn encourages child labor and child marriages. Also, due to a lack of proper menstrual hygiene, a significant percentage of women develop infections and diseases, including reproductive tract infections (RTIs). Today, India is home to thousands of such silent sufferers.

Understanding Menstrual Hygiene Policy for School Girls policy

The Indian government has recently informed the apex court that it has framed a ‘Menstrual Hygiene Policy for School Girls.’ The policy has also received approval from the union health ministry. Subsequently, they have sought time to seek public opinion on this policy.

  1. The Menstrual Hygiene policy aims to change attitudes and behaviour related to menstruation among school-going girls by mainstreaming menstrual hygiene within the educational system.
  2. It aims to overcome the existing barriers that limit their mobility and prevent them from taking part in daily activities. It seeks to create awareness about menstruation and its hygiene among girls.
  3. The government has decided to provide uninterrupted access to menstrual hygiene products, including sanitary napkins, free of cost for girls in classes between VI and XII.
  4. It wants to dispel harmful social norms and encourage safe menstrual hygiene practices.
  5. It also focuses on disposing of used napkins in an environmentally friendly way. 
  6. It advocates for separate female toilet facilities in all government, government-aided and residential schools. 

Since the Menstrual Hygiene Policy aims to address the core issues related to menstruation, it is expected to reduce absenteeism among girls in schools. By retaining girls in school, the country as a whole could move forward towards empowering women and social and economic development.

Though it is the 21st century where talks about women’s empowerment and gender equality are at their peak, deep-drenched stigma and cultural norms attached with menstruation and menstruating women continue to exist even today. It is high time steps need to be taken to encourage open talk among young girls and ensure menstrual hygiene is followed properly. This is one of the ways forward for the society to have mentally and physically strong women.

Menstruation, a natural and vital process, continues to be surrounded by stigma, misinformation and lack of access to basic hygiene facilities in India. Millions of school-going girls miss classes or drop out due to inadequate sanitation, social taboos and limited awareness. Recognising this critical issue, one of the components of Smile Foundation‘s women empowerment initiative focuses on breaking the silence surrounding menstruation and empowering young girls through education and support.

The programme combines awareness sessions with practical interventions, teaching girls about menstrual health and hygiene while addressing cultural taboos and fostering open dialogue. We engage communities to shift deeply ingrained societal norms that marginalise menstruating girls, encouraging inclusivity.

It works to create an ecosystem where young girls are educated, empowered and encouraged to stay in school, paving the way for stronger, healthier and more informed women in society.

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Education Smile

Are Dreams Reserved Only for the Young?

Are Dreams Reserved Only for the Young?
Are Dreams Reserved Only for the Young?

As India’s higher education landscape continues to expand, it brings with it a complex set of challenges. While education is viewed as the gateway to a brighter future, the financial strain it places on families is significant. Parents across the country, particularly in middle-class households, are facing a difficult reality: the cost of higher education is forcing them to put their own dreams on hold. 

With limited seats in government universities and high fees in private institutions, parents are draining their savings and going into debt to secure their children’s future. This raises a critical question: Are dreams reserved only for the young or do parents deserve an opportunity to pursue their own aspirations as well?

The Limited Scope of Affordable Higher Education

Government universities are often the first choice for students due to their affordability and reputation for quality education. However, the competition for these seats is immense. In 2024, Delhi University received over 3 lakh applications for approximately 70,000 seats. Such intense competition leaves many students with no alternative but to enroll in private universities. These institutions, while offering superior facilities and infrastructure, charge annual fees ranging from ₹2 lakh to ₹20 lakh, depending on the course and location.

This disparity highlights the systemic issue of limited access to affordable education. Over 40 million students enroll in higher education annually, yet the availability of government seats falls significantly short of this demand. This gap forces families to bear the financial brunt, often at the expense of their own financial stability and long-term goals.

Financial Burden on Families

The financial strain of private education is staggering. According to the Reserve Bank of India, education loans crossed ₹90,000 crore in 2023, a figure that continues to rise. Middle-class families often rely on loans or deplete life savings to fund their children’s education. Parents in their 40s and 50s find themselves postponing retirement, liquidating assets or forgoing personal aspirations to meet these demands. Anuj Kumar, a middle-class father from Patna, exemplifies the struggles of many parents striving for their children’s dreams. He is grappling with the burden of a hefty Rs 25 lakh loan, taken to fund his daughter’s business administration degree at a private university in Pune. Her undergraduate education, including living expenses, amounted to an overwhelming Rs 30 lakh—far exceeding the family’s annual income of Rs 20 lakh. 

In semi-urban and rural areas, the sacrifices are even more pronounced. Farmers sell land and daily wage earners take up additional jobs to afford private college fees. A 2016 study analysed two recent NSSO surveys to estimate expenditures and loans related to higher education. It found that households with at least one member pursuing higher education spent an average of 15.3% of their total expenditure in rural areas and 18.4% in urban areas on higher education.

More recent evidence suggests that Indian households spend nearly half of their annual income per child to afford professional higher education. The scenario abroad is not much different.  Nations like the United States, Canada and Australia are witnessing soaring tuition fees that often leave families in debt. In the U.S., for instance, student loan debt reached a staggering $1.6 trillion in 2023. This financial burden has long-term consequences, leaving families vulnerable to economic instability.

The Unseen Price Tags: The Emotional Impact

The ever-increasing cost of education also takes an immense emotional toll on parents. Many grapple with feelings of guilt and inadequacy when they cannot meet their children’s aspirations. Others experience a profound sense of loss as personal dreams of starting businesses, pursuing higher education or traveling remain unfulfilled. These sacrifices are often unacknowledged but deeply felt.

The cultural emphasis on education as the ultimate equaliser further compounds this issue. Parents believe that their sacrifices will ensure a better future for their children, breaking the cycle of poverty and enabling upward mobility. However, reality often falls short. According to a recent ILO report, the unemployment rate for graduates stood at a staggering 29.1%, nearly nine times higher than the 3.4% for those who are illiterate. Many graduates are either underemployed or working in fields unrelated to their degrees, leaving parents questioning whether their sacrifices were worthwhile.

The Far-Reaching Consequences and the Potential Solutions

The financial strain caused by rising education costs extends beyond individual families. Families burdened by education loans often struggle to invest in other critical areas, such as healthcare, housing or younger children’s education. This ripple effect impacts societal stability and economic growth. Education, meant to be a cornerstone of progress, inadvertently becomes a source of impoverishment for many families.

Addressing this issue requires systemic change. While initiatives like the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 aim to make quality education more accessible, additional measures are needed. Increasing the number of seats in government institutions, offering subsidies for private education, and expanding scholarship programmes can be a way forward. Public-private partnerships could also bridge the gap between demand and supply, ensuring that quality education is accessible to all. In addition, policymakers must also prioritise the creation of pathways that balance quality, affordability and accessibility.

To Sum It Up

The cost of education in India has far-reaching implications, not just for students but for entire families. As parents sacrifice their dreams to secure their children’s futures, it becomes imperative to question whether this should be the norm. Everyone deserves the chance to pursue their dreams and it is important that the goals of one generation do not come at the expense of another. To achieve this, we need to build a more inclusive and equitable education system, one that allows for shared opportunities across generations. Education should be a tool for empowerment like Smile Foundation‘s education initiative, not financial hardship. Society must recognise the sacrifices made by parents and work towards ensuring that everyone has the opportunity to fulfill their dreams. 

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