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Education

Learning in Your First Language: A Foundation for Lifelong Success

Learning in Your First Language: A Foundation for Lifelong Success
A child reading while her grandmother is doing work

A language is a powerful tool that enables you to express your thoughts and emotions. It serves as a medium of communication that connects you with the people around you. It is the foundation of human interaction and understanding. Since we are born, we absorb language like a sponge, which shapes our thoughts, emotions, and interactions. For most of us, our first language, which we learn at home from our parents and caregivers, holds a special place in our hearts.

When a child is born, it hears voices from all around, mainly in its native language, which becomes its first language. A mother is a child’s first teacher because the child spends most of its early years with her. The child finds comfort in the language that allows it to convey its thoughts to people around it. The child’s first words are generally in that very language, allowing them to grasp better as they naturally get a grip of the language as soon as they start speaking fluently. But what are the benefits of getting your core education in your first language?

Better understanding and academic development

When children learn in their first language, they build a solid foundation. Concepts become clearer, and comprehension deepens. Here’s how:

  • When children learn in their mother tongue, they grasp ideas more intuitively. They can focus on understanding rather than decoding words.
  • Children who learn in their first language develop a broader lexicon. This linguistic wealth extends to other subjects, making academic success more attainable.
  • Research consistently shows that students who receive early education in their native language score better on standardized tests and exhibit greater confidence.

Language as an identity

Language isn’t just about words; it’s about culture, heritage, and identity. 

  • Using the mother tongue provides emotional comfort to the children as they can express themselves better and also feel a sense of belonging.
  • By learning their first language, children connect with their cultural roots which preserves culture in the long run. They understand folklore, songs, and rituals that shape their identity.

Lifelong Learning and Multilingualism

A strong foundation in the first language sets the stage for lifelong learning:

  • When children learn to read, write, and think critically in their mother tongue, these skills transfer to other languages. They become better equipped to learn additional languages, fostering multilingualism.
  • Children who feel confident in their first language are more likely to explore other languages and cultures and navigate a globalized world with ease.

Improves parental involvement

Parents play a crucial role in education. However, not all parents are fluent in the dominant languages which creates a gap between the child’s education and the parents. When children learn in their first language:

  • Parents can actively engage in their child’s learning process. They can read bedtime stories, discuss concepts, and reinforce learning at home.
  • A child’s first language bridges the gap between home and school. When parents and teachers collaborate, the child benefits from a holistic learning experience.

Contributes to community welfare

Promoting first-language education helps different communities develop and gain opportunities:

  • Recognizing and valuing diverse languages ensures no child feels excluded. In multilingual societies, schools should celebrate linguistic diversity.
  • When communities advocate for first-language education, they empower future generations. Language becomes a tool for social mobility and empowerment.

Challenges and Hindrances in Learning in Your First Language

Learning one’s first language is a fundamental right and a critical factor in educational success. However, ensuring effective education in the mother tongue presents several challenges. 

  • Balancing the need for standardized curricula with linguistic diversity is challenging. Creating uniform educational materials across languages and finding teachers proficient in various local languages requires substantial resources.
  • Some languages are considered prestigious, while others are marginalized. Also, globalization and job markets emphasize English proficiency. This is why, parents often prioritize education in dominant languages, assuming it leads to better opportunities.
  • As students progress, they transition to the national language (often English) which can strain cognitive resources, affecting comprehension and retention.
  • Teaching technical subjects (science, mathematics) in local languages can be challenging due to limited specialized vocabulary. The lack of advanced terminology in local languages hinders higher education options.
  • Developing fair assessment tools across languages is challenging. Standardized tests may not accurately measure learning outcomes which makes comparability difficult. 

Nonprofits and their role in it

Development organizations have a significant impact on advancing education, especially in providing learning in students’ first languages in remote locations. There are several ways in which nonprofits make a difference. 

Firstly, they improve accessibility by making the best use of available resources and providing education with minimal resources. Secondly, they collaborate with locals and communities to implement initiatives. Thirdly, they raise awareness about common community issues, helping them reach the masses. Their positive impact often influences decision-makers and government authorities to take substantial steps.

Nonprofits are supported by various institutions and corporations, which enables them to pioneer innovative teaching methods that resonate with students. They also hire teachers from the same community as the students, promoting using the first language and broadening the learning curve. Additionally, nonprofits participate in research and document best practices for societal welfare. 

Smile Foundation’s Mission Education learning centers provide need-based learning to communities in remote locations, reaching out to the masses and contributing to the advancement of education.

Conclusion

Learning in your first language is not just about words on a page – it is about nurturing minds, hearts, and identities. As educators, parents, and policymakers, let us champion the power of language diversity. When children learn in their mother tongue, they embark on a journey of discovery, empathy, and lifelong success.

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Education Smile

R&D: Working Towards the Science Ambition of India

R&D: Working Towards the Science Ambition of India
Children enjoying their STEAM sessions

In an event marking the conclusion of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav on October 31, 2023, the premier of the nation urged all the people of India to realize the dream of making the country a developed nation on its 100th anniversary of Independence- the year 2047. The Prime Minister asserted that it was through education, innovation, and sincere efforts of the Indian youth that the country could achieve this goal.

As India enters the fourth quarter of its 100 years of Independence, the country enjoys a demographic advantage as the country with the largest young population in the world. This population means that India is sitting on a goldmine of immense talent. If our young population is educated with modern techniques, especially in the high-relevant field of Science and Technology, then it has that capability to create enormous change and development for the country.

Several initiatives are being taken in this direction by the government in the last few years as it is realizing the importance of promoting skill-based education in the country. In another event last year, organized by the National Science Foundation, Prime Minister Narendra Modi and United States President Joe Biden came together to discuss the possibilities of collaboration between two nations to boost research and education sectors.

Both the leaders, along with the First Lady of the United States, reiterated the importance of skilling and workforce redevelopment. The American counterparts also appreciated the efforts that were being made by the Indian establishment in this area. 

India’s Rich History of Scientific Innovation

India, as an ancient civilization as well as an emerging global power in the modern world, has played a pivotal role in scientific advancements of the world. From the contributions of Aryabhatta, Patanjali, Bhaskara, and many others, to the works of Homi Bhabha, SN Bose, JC Bose, CV Raman, APJ Kalam, and Ramanujan, India has a long list of brilliant minds who proved their worth through their seminal works.

Today, India has made rapid progress in the field of Information Technology and other technology based scientific innovations. The country also provides affordable internet facilities to a large population. The country’s Unified Payment Interface (UPI) system has been lauded and adopted by economies across the world.

Not just that, India also became the first country to land on the dark side of the moon through its latest Chandrayaan mission. Not stopping there, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has now expanded its solar mission and is ready to enter a new chapter of space exploration. The world is looking at India as it makes impressive strides in this area as well.

Adding to this, the country is building new capabilities in ocean exploration through new-age missions as well for its science ambition. Indians are today playing leading roles in the biggest technology companies around the world. This serves as a strong motivation for the young Indians who look up to all these icons and believe that they too can contribute through their knowledge once they develop the scientific skills.

Setting the Right Ambitions- the Science Ambition

The 21st century is undoubtedly going to be the age of science and technology. Within a span of two and a half decades, we have seen technological advancements that were probably unimaginable at the turn of the century. Artificial Intelligence has taken the world by storm in the last few years, and we are only seeing the beginning of this new revolution.

Then, there is a strong effort in the area of clean energy with India also playing an important role in testing hydrogen as a fuel. It will not be wrong to state that the world is going to witness some pivotal moments in the following decades. Scientific innovation, with the speed at which it is growing, can be expected to disrupt a lot of what our present understanding of the world is.

At such a juncture, countries that do not miss the opportunity and invest appropriately in developing their scientific capabilities are going to play a leading role in this change. India being the youngest country in the world and a country with immense human resources is ready to hold the torch. What it needs is the right approach and investment in the field of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) especially focused on school children like in our flagship education initiative. 

This can be achieved through a renewed focus on Research and Development (R&D). There are still many areas where the country lags as compared to others, especially when it comes to manufacturing. However, this decade can be India’s decade if the country sets its focus on the right ambitions and works towards them consistently. This is how we can truly work towards the science ambition of India.

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Skill Development

Understanding the working-age population of India

Understanding the working-age population of India
As the eldest daughter, Archana realised her responsibilities early on. Her parents have always made sure that she got all that she deserved.

1.4 billion of us, Indians! The good news is 68% of this huge population is within the working-age group, spanning 15 to 64 years old (UNFPA’s State of World Population Report 2023). By 2041, the demographic dividend of India is poised to peak. It means the economic growth potential of our country can result from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population is larger than the non-working-age share of the population. This demographic surge holds the promise of a tidal wave of productivity, innovation, and economic growth that can surge across the nation and beyond.

But what does this demographic phenomenon mean for the future of India? It means that India emerging as a global economic powerhouse, setting trends in innovation, technology, and entrepreneurship. With such a huge population projected to fall within the working-age bracket in 6 years time, India could become the driving force behind global economic growth, shaping markets, industries, and trends with its dynamism and ingenuity.

However, alongside this immense demographic potential comes a significant responsibility: ensuring that this increasing workforce is equipped with the requisite skills, knowledge, and opportunities to flourish in a global world.

Global opportunities for India

  1. Human Resource Powerhouse: India has the potential to emerge as a global leader in human resources, providing skilled talent to meet the demands of various industries worldwide.
  2. Innovation Hub: With a vast pool of young and creative minds, India can become a hotbed for innovation, technological advancements, and breakthroughs in various fields.
  3. Economic Growth: A skilled and productive workforce can drive economic growth, attract investments, and create employment opportunities, leading to overall prosperity and development.

Number do not always translate into quality. Sometimes, they become bottlenecks to real growth. We have a young population but most of them are not skilled enough to lead innovation and develop cutting-edge technology- anything that would India in the world map as the next place to be at. So, what is stopping us?

Skill development challenges for the working age population of India

  1. Skill Mismatch: There is often a gap between the skills demanded by employers and those possessed by the workforce, leading to underemployment and inefficiencies in the labour market as resources are misallocated due to mismatches between supply and demand for skills. This can lead to higher unemployment rates, lower economic output, and reduced competitiveness on both individual and national levels.
  2. Access to Education: Despite progress, access to quality education remains uneven across different regions and socio-economic groups, hindering skill development and opportunities for many. Limited access to education not only deprives individuals of opportunities for personal and professional growth but also hampers national efforts to develop a skilled workforce and foster economic growth. Without equitable access to education, millions of individuals are unable to acquire the knowledge, skills, and competencies needed to participate fully in the labour market and contribute to the national development.
  3. Informal Sector Challenges: The informal sector is a substantial component of Indian economy, employing a significant portion of the workforce. However, workers in this sector often face challenges such as limited access to formal training and social security benefits. This can hinder skill development and productivity resulting in a skills gap. Workers lack the necessary training and qualifications to perform their jobs efficiently or to adapt to changes in the market.

What is one resonating theme that plays out in all the above observations? That India needs to be skilled matching global parameters. Without quality and employable skilling, the perceived advantage of the working age population will not play in the favour of India. It will be a huge loss for all of us.

In India, addressing skill development and promoting lifelong learning are imperatives for sustainable economic growth and social progress. The Indian government, along with development organizations and industry partners, has been actively engaged in implementing initiatives aimed at enhancing the quality of education, expanding vocational training opportunities, and integrating technology to democratize access to education and skill development.

Skilling Indian workforce: what is the state doing about it?

  1. Improving Education Quality: Initiatives like the National Education Policy 2020 aim to revamp the education system, emphasizing holistic development and skill-building from an early age.
  2. Expanding Vocational Training: Programs like the Skill India Mission offer skill development courses in diverse sectors, addressing the gap between demand and supply for skilled labor.
  3. Promoting Lifelong Learning: Initiatives like the National Skill Development Corporation offer online courses and workshops, enabling continuous skill upgrading for professionals and students alike.
  4. Digital Skills Training: Programs like Digital India focus on imparting digital literacy and technology skills, empowering individuals for personal and professional development.

What is Smile Foundation doing about skilling the Indian youth?

Bridging the gap, our Smile Twin e-Learning Program (STeP) equips disadvantaged working age population of India with practical skills essential for employment in sectors like retail, hospitality, marketing, BFSI, etc. Alongside technical training, the program focuses on developing soft skills, personality grooming, and effective communication—attributes crucial for success in competitive job markets. Students not only acquire knowledge but also build confidence and adaptability through hands-on learning experiences.

By empowering the youth with practical skills, confidence, and opportunities, STeP is not only transforming individual lives but also driving socio-economic development and inclusive growth across communities in India.

Our demographic dividend presents a golden opportunity for the nation to become a global leader in innovation and economic growth. However, realizing this potential requires concerted efforts to address skill gaps, improve education and training infrastructure, and ensure inclusive and equitable access to opportunities for all segments of society. By investing in skill development and fostering collaboration between government, development organizations, and industry stakeholders, India can make all its big dreams come true.

Categories
Education

Innovation: The key to STEAM education

Innovation: The key to STEAM education
Annual Pratibha Puraskar cum Science Exhibition to inspire interest in scientific temperament and Art among students in Siddharth Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh.

In the age where Artificial Intelligence is growing by leaps and bounds, what sets apart humans from the machines? Or a more positive approach to this change would be – what kind of opportunities become available to humans as computers and AI perform the repetitive and mundane tasks, freeing us up to focus on other areas?

The answer to both these questions is creativity and design thinking. As the need to perform predictable and repetitive tasks is eliminated, it means that humans can focus on higher-level innovations, creating better new-age solutions to the problems that we face today.

This has all been made possible by the growth that we have achieved in the field of Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics in the last few years. Also known as STEAM education, these fields of study primarily rely on building creative thinking capabilities among the learners and further promote innovation on the job as they enter the workforce.

The Path to Innovation

Engineering and technology have always been a great companion to human growth and creativity. After the industrial revolution, many tasks that were previously performed by hand were now done at an incredibly faster pace and in a fraction of time.

Initially this created discomfort among people who thought that technology would take away jobs from humans. However, the reality, as we know today, is different from what was thought. The untapped human potential was realized as more and more people got education and became innovators. This led to an overall growth of the human society.

It is this capability to innovate and create that has paved the way for human society to grow rapidly in an incredibly short time. As we look at the history of human civilization, we can see that the modern technology arrived only a short time ago. Humans spent hundreds and thousands of years as hunters and gatherers.

However, it was through the first innovations, like discovering fire, creating tools to hunt, agriculture, settlements, etc., that we moved on the path of where we stand today. The initial journey was slow, but as the frequency and quality of innovations grew, the speed of growth kept getting faster and faster.

The last 500 years in human history have been especially important as this is the time when focus on science and technology grew, enabling us to reach where we are today. While modern computers were invented not more than 80 years ago, we have already reached a point where these machines are ready to develop a complex intelligence of their own. All this can be attributed to human innovation of the last 100 years.

STEAM Education and Innovation

STEAM education, beyond textbook learning, fosters innovation by engaging students in hands-on activities, experiments, and projects. This approach encourages exploration, questioning, and creation, shaping a generation that not only understands existing technologies but also contributes to their evolution. This innovative mindset propels students into STEM-related careers, where they become architects of the technological future.

These skills that students learn as part of STEAM education serve as a strong foundation for creativity and innovation in their professional environments. They can think critically and solve problems. This is especially crucial in a world where technological changes are rapid, and humans need to adapt to these changes quickly.

STEAM education prepares the students to be adaptable and equip themselves as per the changing conditions. This allows them to stay relevant even in the changing times. The training that learners receive as part of their education and its interdisciplinary nature prepares them for this technology-driven world.

As we witness accelerating technological advancement, investing in STEAM education ensures the next generation are more than consumers of technology. They are active contributors, propelling innovation and shaping a future driven by knowledge, creativity, and the transformative power of STEAM.

The Future of STEAM

The 21st century is undoubtedly the century of STEAM. At the turn of the century, nobody would have imagined that we would be standing where we are today. Imagine – smartphones were not even a reality at the beginning of the 21st century. Within 25 years, we are not innovating with technology like metaverse, virtual reality, and much more.

Not just that, we have entered a new era of space exploration too. Everywhere we look, we see STEAM playing a central role in the forward movement of the world. Whether it is the discovery of new sources of energy or finding a way to ensure a more equitable growth for everyone; science seems to be the answer.

Globally, there is a greater emphasis on STEAM education. There is still a huge gap between access to STEAM education for both men and women, but several initiatives are now adopting ways to fill this gap. In India, National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 is also focused on promoting STEAM education among both men and women.

This trend is expected to move in the same direction in the future. A multi-disciplinary, innovation-focused education like Smile Foundation’s STEAM initiative is what we need today to solve the world’s problems. It is only through innovation that we can tackle issues like global hunger, climate change, access to healthcare, etc. In this age of innovation and creativity, the possibilities are endless.

Categories
Women Empowerment

The power of female friendships in leadership

Can Education Protect Girl Child in India?
Can Education Protect Girl Child in India?

The recurring theme of female friendships has been prevalent in modern readings, prompting introspection on the significance of these bonds. Whether encountered in advice columns, celebrated on television, or articulated by renowned authors like Elizabeth Gilbert, the essence of these relationships remains profound.

When a good author speaks, we listen

Gilbert’s reflections through an Instagram post, particularly on finding solace in the presence of her close friend Martha Beck, resonate deeply. Her heartfelt narrative underscores the invaluable support and understanding inherent in female friendships—a sentiment that transcends mere words.

These musings compel further contemplation, especially in light of a recent conversation with a friend. She expressed apprehension about navigating social events solo, conditioned by societal norms that prioritize romantic partnerships over platonic connections.

Indeed, societal conditioning often downplays the significance of female friendships, perpetuating the notion that companionship should supersede camaraderie. From childhood tales to subtle societal cues, the message is clear: prioritize partnerships over personal fulfillment.

Yet, despite geographical distances and the inevitable changes of life, the bonds with female friends remain steadfast. Their unwavering support and companionship serve as pillars of strength, anchoring one’s sense of belonging and support.

Female friendships creating heavens for one another

“There’s a special place in hell for women who don’t help other women.”

Madeleine Albright was an American diplomat and political scientist who served as the 64th United States secretary of state from 1997 to 2001

Research suggests this sentiment holds weight, as women tend to thrive when surrounded by supportive female networks. A study revealed that women who maintain strong bonds with other women are more likely to secure executive positions with better pay. Those at the top quartile of social centrality, with a female-dominated inner circle, landed leadership roles with 2.5 times more authority and compensation than their peers lacking such networks.

The significance of these networks lies in their ability to offer guidance and understanding unique challenges women face, such as unconscious bias. Access to shared experiences and advice from fellow women can serve as a roadmap for navigating professional hurdles.

Interestingly, women in leadership lacking such support systems tend to earn less compared to those with robust female networks. Networks resembling those of successful men, characterized by centrality but lacking a female inner circle, often led to lower-ranking positions.

The research, spearheaded by collaborators Yang Yang and Nitesh V. Chawla, delved into the distinct networking dynamics between successful male and female leaders. Uncovering a noteworthy discrepancy, the study investigates how social networks influence job placement outcomes for MBA graduates.

Contacts, contacts and contacts

The findings shed light on a noteworthy revelation: while both genders benefit from network centrality, women’s networking success hinges on the duality of their connections. Unlike men, who thrive primarily on central networking, women in leadership positions demonstrate a nuanced approach. Alongside high centrality, successful women maintain a close-knit inner circle of female contacts. This inner circle serves as a conduit for invaluable private information, crucial for navigating the intricate landscape of executive leadership.

The significance of this duality becomes apparent in the staggering contrast in job placement outcomes. Women positioned at the apex of both centrality and a female-dominated inner circle secure leadership roles with authority and pay levels surpassing their counterparts lacking this amalgamation. Conversely, women mirroring the networking patterns of successful men—focusing solely on centrality—tend to land roles with diminished authority and compensation.

The essence of successful networking lies not in sheer quantity but in strategic quality. Women, in particular, stand to gain from a discerning approach, prioritizing meaningful connections over mere numbers. Embracing randomness in networking endeavors broadens horizons and fosters diversity within inner circles, crucial for accessing varied insights and opportunities.

Employers, too, play a significant role in fostering diverse networking environments. By promoting cross-sectional groupings and steering clear of closed inner circles, organizations can empower women to navigate professional landscapes more effectively. This approach not only enhances individual advancement prospects but also fosters a culture of inclusivity and support.

In essence, the study underscores the unique networking challenges faced by women and highlights the importance of adopting a strategic networking approach. By leveraging a blend of central networking and informative inner circles, women can pave the way for meaningful career advancement opportunities, while empowering peers and junior contacts to do the same.

Female friendships beyond workplace

However, the impact of supportive female networks extends beyond the workplace. A 2006 study highlighted that women with ten or more close friends were more likely to survive cancer. Conversely, socially isolated women faced higher mortality rates and increased risk of cancer recurrence.

Friendship, it seems, holds remarkable healing power. Whether commiserating over shared experiences or celebrating successes with goofy gifs, the camaraderie of female friendships enriches lives in profound ways.

Categories
Women Empowerment

Apprenticeships Addressing Low Women Labor Participation

Apprenticeships Addressing Low Women Labor Participation
Apprenticeships Addressing Low Women Labor Participation

India’s youth unemployment has surged, comprising nearly 83% of the jobless population, doubling from 35.2% in 2000 to 65.7% in 2022.

India Employment Report 2024

According to the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), the youth unemployment rate in India surged to 23.22% in 2022, surpassing neighboring countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Bhutan. These are some of the well-researched numbers about the unemployment crisis in India, particularly among the youth. In fact, the youth unemployment rate in the 20-24 years age group has soared to a staggering 44.49 percent.

India is struggling with a concerning rise in youth unemployment, demanding fresh approaches for resolution. Apprenticeships emerge as a promising solution to address this issue effectively. They serve as a practical bridge between education and employment, equipping young people with the necessary skills and experience for success in the job market.

The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) has projected Incremental Human Resource Requirements in coming years, estimating a need for 201 million skilled workers, with the total requirement for skilled workforce reaching a daunting 300 million. This ambitious yet necessary requirement cannot be fulfilled without increasing women participation in the workforce. As per data from the World Bank, the female labor force participation rate of India stands at around 20%, significantly lower than the global average of approximately 48%. The numbers are worse when we focus on the underserved population.

To address this imbalance, it has become necessary to promote women participation in apprenticeship programs. By providing women with access to training, skill development, and employment opportunities, apprenticeships can empower them to contribute meaningfully to the workforce. Moreover, enhancing gender diversity in apprenticeships not only fosters inclusivity but also enriches the talent pool and drives economic growth.

The market interest looks hopeful for women in apprenticeships

Recent reports reveal an unprecedented surge in apprenticeship opportunities across India, indicating a positive shift in employer sentiment towards apprenticeship engagement. According to the TeamLease Degree Apprenticeship Outlook Report, there is a remarkable 75% increase in employer intent for apprenticeship engagement during the upcoming October-March 2023-24 half-year. The Net Apprenticeship Outlook (NAO), a crucial indicator of employer sentiment, has reached an all-time high, reflecting the perception of organizations for apprenticeships as an important talent development strategy.

The Apprenticeship Outlook Report highlights a compelling landscape, with Engineering and Industrial, Electrical and Electronics, Telecom, and E-commerce and Tech products leading as the sectors with the highest Net Apprenticeship Outlook (NAO). This surge underscores the robust growth anticipated in India’s apprenticeship landscape, promising unparalleled opportunities for skill development and career growth.

The manufacturing sector, historically dominated by male representation, is now making concerted efforts to bolster its diversity and inclusion (D&I) initiatives. As a result of these endeavors, the demand for female apprentices has surged threefold in the initial quarter of last year, as outlined in the report.

Apprenticeships offer a transformative approach to addressing the challenge of low women labor participation by providing structured training, skill development like in the women empowerment program of Smile Foundation, and on-the-job learning opportunities. By investing in apprenticeship programs, we can unlock the untapped potential of women, unleash economic growth, and build a more inclusive and prosperous society. It is time to recognize apprenticeships as not just a training program but as a transformative tool for empowering women and driving sustainable development in India.

Apprenticeships’ Models

There are various pathways for women to gain skills and experience, including degree, diploma, and certificate apprenticeships.

Degree Apprenticeships: Degree apprenticeships combine work-based learning with part-time study towards a higher education qualification. Participants work for an employer and receive on-the-job training while also studying at a university or college. These can be explored in engineering, business management, healthcare, and technology etc.

Diploma Apprenticeships: Diploma apprenticeships offer a blend of practical training and academic study, leading to the attainment of a diploma-level qualification. These apprenticeships are typically focused on specific vocational skills and are designed to prepare individuals for entry-level roles in industries such as construction, automotive, hospitality, and healthcare.

Certificate Apprenticeships: Certificate apprenticeships provide specialized training and certification in a specific skill or area of expertise. These apprenticeships are often shorter in duration compared to degree or diploma programs and are tailored to meet the needs of specific industries or occupations. Certificate apprenticeships cover a wide range of fields, including information technology, healthcare support, manufacturing, customer service, and more.

Apprenticeships are available across different industries, providing opportunities for women to gain valuable skills and experience. Some common types of apprenticeships include Technical Trades, Information Technology (IT) and Software Development, Healthcare, Hospitality and Tourism, Business and Administration, Construction and Engineering, Creative Arts and Media, Green Jobs and Sustainability, etc.

Empowering more and more women in apprenticeships

Apprenticeships hold immense promise as the bridge to addressing low women labor participation in India. These structured training programs offer women the opportunity to acquire valuable skills, gain practical experience, and access meaningful employment opportunities. By investing in apprenticeships, we encourage inclusive growth, drive economic development, and promote gender equality.

Partnerships between the public and private sectors play an important role in scaling apprenticeship programs and enhancing their impact on women economic empowerment. Apprenticeships represent a pathway to empowerment, dignity, and economic independence for women across India and maybe, even the world.

Categories
Education

Do Slum Children Need Special Attention?

Do Slum Children Need Special Attention?
Just a reminder to pass on the happiness


Famed for her Instagram hashtag, #princessfromtheslum, 15-year-old Maleesha Kharwa’s journey from a Mumbai slum to the spotlight is nothing short of extraordinary. Her rise to fame began with a chance encounter that ignited a chain of events. From living by the water in a makeshift home to gracing the cover of magazines, her journey symbolizes resilience and hope. Despite newfound stardom, her commitment to education and a balanced life remains unwavering.

This is one of the rare success stories coming out of the slums of India but what about thousands of children whose faith have not bee that magical Slum children face many obstacles that hinder their development and prospects. Often overlooked and marginalized by society, it is important to recognize that these children require special attention and create a better future for themselves.

Let’s understand the numbers

The latest reports indicate that almost 65 million people in India are living in slums, and this number is continually rising. According to the National Institute of Health, approximately 7.8 million children, accounting for 6.07% of the population, live in urban slums.

Children in slums are 1.3 times more likely to suffer from diarrhea than those in non-slum areas. Around 300 million people in urban India are excluded from essential health services, safe drinking water, sanitation, education, and access to other essential services. Additionally, their births or deaths often go unregistered. Children living in these conditions are vulnerable to diseases and disasters.

Life in the slums is harsh and unforgiving. Children in these areas live in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions, lacking access to clean water, proper nutrition, and basic healthcare. Education is often a luxury they cannot afford, as they are forced to work from a young age to support their families. These communities are plagued by violence, substance abuse, and exploitation, exposing children to trauma and endangering their well-being.

Need for the right guidance and pathway

Despite the challenges they face, children living in slums have immense potential and resilience. With the right opportunities and support, they can overcome their circumstances and thrive. However, this requires a concerted effort from governments, development organizations, and society as a whole to address the unique needs of slum children and provide them with the resources they need to succeed.

One of the main reasons why slum children require special attention is the impact of poverty on their overall development. Poverty is a complex issue that affects every aspect of the life of a child, from their physical health to their cognitive development. Children living in poverty are more likely to suffer from malnutrition, stunted growth, and chronic illnesses, which can have long-term consequences on their well-being. Without access to quality healthcare and nutrition, these children are at a higher risk of mortality and morbidity.

Education: The key to a better life for slum children

Education, a fundamental right for every child, often fails to reach them due to a lack of resources and poverty. Survival becomes their first instinct, making it difficult for them to realize the importance of education. Slum life is tough, teaching people resilience and how to prioritize needs based on resources from childhood. In such a scenario, hope for a brighter future through education is rarely seen or realized. Moreover, without the right opportunities to learn and go to school, it is hard to say if they will ever be able to break out of the slum life.

Education is a critical factor that determines a child’s future. However, slum children often face barriers to accessing education, such as a lack of school infrastructure, insufficient teaching resources, and financial constraints. Many slum children are forced to drop out of school due to family responsibilities or economic pressures, perpetuating the cycle of poverty. Without education, these children are limited in their opportunities for personal growth and economic empowerment.

The environment around us matters

The growth of a child is often influenced by their environment and the people around them. During their formative years, the brain of a child undergoes significant development, and if they are raised in unsupportive environments, it can affect their approach to life, as well as their overall personality and behavior as they mature.

The social and emotional well-being of children living in slums is often overlooked but equally important. Growing up in environments marked by violence, crime, and substance abuse can profoundly impact the mental health and emotional stability of a child. Many slum children experience trauma and stress at a young age, which can affect their ability to form healthy relationships, manage their emotions, and cope with challenges.

How can we make it better for slum children?

To address these challenges, it is essential to implement holistic interventions that cater to the specific needs of slum children.
Providing access to quality healthcare services, nutritious food, safe housing, and clean water to ensure their physical well-being.
Education should be made accessible and affordable for all children, with programs that support their academic success and personal development.
Mental health support services should also be available to help children cope with trauma and build resilience.

Smile Foundation supports slum children through its various programs. By partnering with local communities, governments, and businesses, we create sustainable solutions that address the root causes of poverty and inequality. Through our initiatives such as education programs, vocational training, and healthcare clinics, slum children can receive the support they need to thrive and fulfill their potential. Smile is working on various initiatives such as merit-based scholarships, Mission Education Learning Centers, skill development and livelihood training programs, Project Manzil, and many more to give a new voice to these children and allow their talent and capability to flourish.

Special circumstances of course need special attention

The unique circumstances of slum children require tailored interventions that address their specific needs and empower them to break the cycle of poverty. By investing in the well-being and future of slum children, we not only improve their lives but also contribute to building a more just and equitable society for all. Let us give them the attention and support they deserve by making a small contribution here that will change their lives for the better.

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Education

Making Attendance not the Single Criteria for Rural Schools

Learning How to Learn- National Education Policy 2020
Making Attendance not the Single Criteria for Rural Schools

Correlation is not causation, goes an important saying in the field of research. It means that just because two events occur in correlation to each other, it does not prove the fact that one event is occurring in response to the other.

In life, we tend to form many assumptions, primarily those that help us find simple solutions to complex problems. This is one of the many cognitive biases that we possess and it may be extremely harmful to us when it comes to making sense of the world around us, taking important decisions, or framing policies.

One such assumption that many people may have been that ensuring a high student attendance in classrooms is a sure shot way of improving their academic performance. However, there is no direct correlation between higher attendance in the classroom and better learning.

This can be proven from the not-so-surprising results of the latest ASER (Annual Survey of Education Research) report which has revealed that only 25 percent of rural teenagers in India are able to read a vernacular text fluently. This is the situation even when 86 per cent of rural teenagers attend the school regularly.

The ASER report, which is released by Pratham Education Foundation, has been exposing the difficult situation of Indian education system, especially in its rural region and has been a talking point for years. The reports published regularly highlight the learning levels of students in rural and semi-urban areas, sometimes to the point that a student in class 8th is not able to read 3rd standard textbooks or solve mathematical formular of a much-lower grade.

Focus on Student Attendance

Rural education in India has been a subject of concern ever since Independence. While the urban areas could benefit because of economic boom, especially in the post-liberalization era, the rural population continued to rely on insufficient public education infrastructure.

Added to this were a myriad of social barriers like gender bias, lack of awareness regarding education, and general apathy of parents, that kept the rural children away from schools for decades.

One of the biggest government interventions in this area was the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan that was launched in the year 2001-2002. The goal of the program was to provide universal access to elementary education in India by establishing schools in areas that did not have any such infrastructure.

The vision of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan was much-suited for the problem of that time when there were not even sufficient primary schools in the country. This meant that students, if enrolled in primary schools, had to sometimes walk for several kilometres to reach the nearest facility.

The purpose and aim of the program were to bridge this gap, spread awareness, and motivate the parents to send their kids to schools. The School Chalein Hum campaign became an important milestone in this journey.

Following this, another initiative from the Government of India was Right to Education, which made free and compulsory education available to students in the age group of six to fourteen years. These initiatives ensured that millions of students entered the schooling system within a span of a few years.

Over the years, a focus on infrastructure capability building and ensuring attendance of students has led to a positive trend in this direction. However, the problem today goes beyond that. While we addressed the issue of improper infrastructure and short-attendance at the time when it was needed, we have probably not been able to make a pivot as per changing needs and requirements.

Beyond Attendance and Infrastructure

As we ensure that more and more rural students attend the schools, there is also an urgent need to provide quality education. This is because results cannot be achieved merely by ensuring physical presence of students in a classroom.

Parents who come from comparatively affluent backgrounds in the rural regions are also giving preference to local private schools over government institutions because of the same reason. Studies have also shown that there is an aspirational factor when it comes to parents choosing a rural private school for their children.

This may be attributed to the fact that rural government schools do not enjoy a good reputation among the community and many expert-level reports solidify this belief. While this perception may vary from state to state, the overall perception still remains the same.

We can understand this with a thought-experiment. If you are a parent living in any part of the country and if you can afford a private education for your kid, what would you choose? The answer is easy to guess. Therefore, rural schools are not just struggling with a problem of quality and insufficient infrastructure, but also a huge perception deficit.

Another important aspect that rural schools need to focus on is digital inclusion. With internet penetration increasing across the country and new-age technology like Artificial Intelligence becoming a new normal, these schools cannot continue to follow the old patterns of teaching. An integration of modern technology is a must for providing equitable education to the majority of the students in the country.

The Way Forward for Rural Schools

Over the years, we have seen some positive experiments in this area, both by non-government and government organizations. Smart classrooms are being created in various public schools across the country. Apart from this, there is also a focus on bringing rural schools up to speed with the rapid changes in education delivery.

While this may seem like a huge task to achieve, the capability in India’s public sector and CSR through partnerships with Smile Foundation’s Mission Education program cannot be ignored. With right focus and direction, a positive shift can be expected in this area in the coming years. But to do that, we need to move our focus merely on attendance of students to the quality of education, infrastructure, new-age technology, and much more. This is the need of the hour for millions of rural students in India.

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Women Empowerment

The Increasing Number of Women in Boardrooms

The Increasing Number of Women in Boardrooms
The Increasing Number of Women in Boardrooms

In recent years, there has been a notable surge in discussions surrounding gender diversity in corporate leadership across various industries worldwide. As we talk more vigorously about equality and equity, it is imperative to reflect on the strides made in advancing women representation on corporate boards, particularly within India Inc., while also acknowledging the challenges that persist in achieving true parity.

According to a recent report by Deloitte Global Boardroom Program titled Women in the boardroom: A global perspective, there has been a gradual but significant increase in the number of leadership roles of women in boardrooms within India Inc. over the past five years. In 2023, women held approximately 18.3% of board seats, reflecting a positive upward trend from 13.8% in 2018 and 17.1% in 2021. While this progress is commendable, it falls short of the global average of 23.3%, indicating the need for accelerated efforts to bridge the gender gap in corporate boardrooms.

Despite the upward trajectory, achieving gender parity on boards remains a formidable challenge, particularly in light of the prevailing disparity between male and female representation. The report highlights the imperative for India Inc. to adopt a paradigm shift in its approach towards boardroom diversity. It emphasizes the importance of prioritizing capabilities over traditional roles and underscores the need for nurturing a robust pipeline of talented women leaders.

Revaluating a few things

One of the key barriers to gender diversity in corporate leadership is the prevailing preference among companies to recruit board members with CEO or CFO experience. This trend poses a significant challenge to pipeline development, hindering the progress towards achieving gender parity and thus more women in boardrooms. To address this, there is a pressing need for organizations to reevaluate their recruitment criteria and prioritize inclusivity and diversity in board appointments.

While the increase in the number of women in boardrooms is a positive development, it is essential to delve deeper into the quality of representation and the extent of women’s influence in corporate decision-making processes. The report introduces the concept of the “stretch factor,” a research tool that measures the average number of board seats held by an individual.

How has India fared?

In India, the stretch factor among women increased marginally to 1.32 in 2023, indicating a slight improvement in their representation. However, compared to men, whose stretch factor remained unchanged at 1.20, women continue to face challenges in accessing leadership positions and holding multiple board seats. This underscores the urgent need for concerted efforts to expand the pool of women leaders with diverse skill sets and experiences.

Despite the progress made in increasing women representation on corporate boards, there are persistent challenges that warrant attention. Notably, there has been a decline in the number of women chairing boards in India, with only 4.1% of women holding chair positions in 2023, down from 4.5% in 2018.

However, there has been a positive trend in the number of women assuming CEO roles, with 5.1% of CEOs being female in 2023, compared to 3.4% in 2018. These figures highlight the importance of nurturing women’s leadership talent and creating opportunities for them to ascend to top executive positions within organizations.

What is doing well?

In terms of sectoral trends, the report identifies the life sciences & healthcare sector as leading the way in gender diversity, with 21.3% of women serving on company boards. This is followed closely by the technology, media, and telecommunications sector, where women comprise 20.5% of board members.

Other sectors such as consumer business, manufacturing, and financial services have also witnessed an increase in women representation on boards, albeit at varying rates. These sectoral insights underscore the importance of sector-specific interventions to promote gender diversity and inclusivity in corporate leadership.

In conclusion, while there has been progress in increasing women’s representation on corporate boards within India Inc., there is still much work to be done to achieve true gender parity.

By challenging traditional norms, fostering inclusive cultures, and investing in the development of women leaders, organizations with the help of development organisations like ours, Smile Foundation, can create a more equitable and diverse corporate landscape that benefits businesses, employees, and society as a whole. Let us reaffirm our commitment to advancing gender equality and creating a future where women have an equal voice and opportunity in shaping the corporate world and beyond.

Categories
Smile

Gender Stereotyping Bad for Both Girls and Boys

Gender Stereotyping Bad for Both Girls and Boys
Gender Stereotyping Bad for Both Girls and Boys

Gender stereotyping, deeply ingrained in societies worldwide, has long been recognized as a barrier to gender equality and societal progress. From limiting the career opportunities of women to shaping societal expectations of men and women, these stereotypes have far-reaching consequences that affect both boys and girls. In India, where cultural norms often dictate gender roles and expectations, the impact of gender stereotyping is particularly pronounced, hindering the advancement of women in professional, political, and social spheres.

Globally, gender stereotyping has historically played a significant role in restricting women access to education and professional opportunities. For centuries, traditional gender roles dictated that men are the breadwinners and decision-makers, while women relegated to domestic roles. This societal expectation has made it challenging for women to enter male-dominated professions and leadership positions. Moreover, gender stereotypes have perpetuated the belief that women are less capable than men in certain fields, further marginalizing them in the workforce.

How is India placed in all this?

In India, despite significant progress in recent decades, gender stereotyping continues to impede women’s advancement in various sectors. In politics, women remain vastly underrepresented, constituting only a small fraction of elected representatives at the national and state levels. Similarly, in the corporate world, women continue to face barriers to leadership positions, with boardrooms dominated by men. These disparities reflect deep-rooted gender biases that perpetuate the notion that women are inherently less suited for leadership roles.

Moreover, gender stereotyping extends beyond professional settings and influences social interactions and expectations. From childhood, boys and girls are often subjected to different sets of rules and expectations based on their gender. Boys are encouraged to be assertive, ambitious, and dominant, while girls are taught to be nurturing, submissive, and domestic. These stereotypes not only limit individual potential but also reinforce harmful gender norms that perpetuate inequality.

Is India taking some constructive step?

The launch of the Combating Gender Stereotypes handbook by the Supreme Court of India marks a coveted moment in the ongoing battle for gender equality. Acknowledging the pervasive influence of archaic language and patriarchal norms within legal discourse, the handbook signifies a crucial step towards dismantling entrenched biases. Through alternative gender-just terminology and a call to challenge outdated perceptions, the handbook serves as a practical tool to empower judges and legal practitioners to foster a more inclusive and equitable legal system.

However, while the handbook represents a significant stride forward, it is merely the beginning of a much-needed cultural shift. Beyond legal frameworks, efforts to combat gender stereotypes must extend to all facets of society, including education, media, and social norms. By fostering self-awareness, conducting sensitization programs, and advocating for systemic change, we can collectively work towards creating a world where gender equality is not just an aspiration but a fundamental reality.

Interventions: 360 Degrees

To address the pervasive impact of gender stereotyping, it is essential to challenge these norms at every level of society. One approach is to promote gender-sensitive education that encourages critical thinking and challenges traditional gender roles. By integrating gender equality into school curricula and promoting inclusive teaching practices, educators can help students recognize and challenge gender stereotypes from a young age.

Additionally, fostering open and inclusive discussions about gender within families and communities can help break down stereotypes and promote gender equality. Parents and caregivers play a crucial role in shaping children attitudes and beliefs about gender, and by modeling egalitarian behaviors and challenging gender norms, they can help create a more equitable society.

Furthermore, creating opportunities for girls and boys to engage in activities traditionally associated with the opposite gender can help challenge stereotypes and promote inclusivity. Whether through extracurricular activities, community programs, or sports, providing children with opportunities to explore diverse interests and roles can help break down gender barriers and foster mutual respect and understanding.

In the workplace, organizations can implement policies and practices that promote gender diversity and inclusion, such as gender-neutral hiring processes, mentorship programs for women, and flexible work arrangements. By creating a supportive and inclusive work environment, companies can empower women to thrive and advance in their careers, ultimately contributing to a more equitable society.

Ultimately, combating gender stereotyping requires collective action and commitment from individuals, communities, and institutions. By challenging traditional gender norms, promoting gender equality, and fostering inclusive environments, we can create a world where boys and girls are free to pursue their passions and aspirations without fear of discrimination or prejudice. Together, we can break down the barriers of gender stereotyping and build a more just and equitable future for all.

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