{"id":14401,"date":"2025-08-22T15:56:09","date_gmt":"2025-08-22T15:56:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/?p=14401"},"modified":"2025-08-29T07:50:43","modified_gmt":"2025-08-29T07:50:43","slug":"women-safety-in-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/women-safety-in-india\/","title":{"rendered":"With or Without Power: The Story of Indian Women"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"902\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_06-PM-1-902x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14407\" style=\"width:423px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_06-PM-1-902x1024.png 902w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_06-PM-1-264x300.png 264w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_06-PM-1-768x872.png 768w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_06-PM-1.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 902px) 100vw, 902px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, women\u2019s progress has often been told as a story of triumph \u2014 classrooms once closed to girls now filled with ambitious students, workplaces brimming with female professionals and political platforms featuring women leaders who once would never have been given a seat at the table. On paper, the numbers speak of remarkable advancement like more women earning degrees than ever before, joining STEM fields, launching start-ups and leading social change. Laws around inheritance and workplace safety, government schemes supporting girls\u2019 education and employment and even quotas in politics appear to cement a steady march toward equality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But for too many Indian women, <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/education\/\"   title=\"Education\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2679\">education<\/a> and employment do not automatically translate into safety, respect or agency. The independence that should signal freedom often triggers resentment, stigma or violence. Women who visibly succeed are still punished for defying patriarchal expectations and institutions meant to protect them frequently fail. The paradox is striking: India celebrates women\u2019s empowerment in headlines, while everyday stories reveal how precarious that empowerment remains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-paradox-of-progress-and-peril\"><strong>The paradox of progress and peril<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_12-PM-683x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14403\" style=\"width:404px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_12-PM-683x1024.png 683w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_12-PM-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_12-PM-768x1152.png 768w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_14_12-PM.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On July 10, 2025, Radhika Yadav, a 25-year-old state-level tennis player and coach from Gurugram, was shot dead by her father. Her crime was independence. Radhika had built a coaching venture, gained public recognition for her achievements and supported her family financially. In many societies, her success would be a cause for celebration. In her home, it triggered resentment and violence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Her story is not isolated. In Odisha, a 20-year-old college student who filed a formal sexual harassment complaint against her professor set herself on fire after institutional inaction. In Pune, young women in a hostel who sought police support were dismissed, harassed and denied protection. In each case, women who showed agency \u2014 by filing complaints, by standing up, by seeking justice \u2014 were betrayed not just by individuals but by the systems meant to protect them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_20_59-PM-683x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14405\" style=\"width:349px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_20_59-PM-683x1024.png 683w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_20_59-PM-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_20_59-PM-768x1152.png 768w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_20_59-PM.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The tragedy is systemic. Empowerment, when unsupported by institutional safeguards and cultural change, becomes perilous. Women\u2019s agency may place them in greater danger if patriarchal backlash is left unchecked. This is the dissonance India grapples with today: symbolic empowerment that often collides with lived powerlessness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-numbers-behind-the-narrative\"><strong>Numbers behind the narrative<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The statistics paint an equally unsettling picture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In 2022, India reported <strong>445,256 crimes against women<\/strong> \u2014 over 51 cases every hour, a 4% rise from the previous year (NCRB).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>national rate<\/strong> stood at <strong>66.4 crimes per 100,000 population<\/strong>, with Uttar Pradesh topping the list (65,000 cases), followed by Maharashtra and Rajasthan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Over <strong>30,000 cases of rape<\/strong> were registered, with Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh leading the grim tally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NFHS-5 data shows that <strong>29% of women<\/strong> still face marriage-related violence, with alarming figures in Karnataka (44%), Bihar (40%), Telangana (~38%) and Manipur (39%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>At the same time, NFHS indicators on bank account ownership, mobile usage and property rights highlight progress in women\u2019s economic and social agency. More women are included in financial systems, education is climbing and their visibility in workplaces is growing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the paradox of rising visibility with rising violence persists. Empowerment and vulnerability sit side by side, underlining that access without safety is an incomplete victory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-structural-failures-laws-without-teeth\"><strong>Structural failures: Laws without teeth<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>India has no shortage of laws designed to protect women \u2014 from the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act (2013) to amendments in criminal law following the Nirbhaya case. Welfare schemes promise support through conditional cash transfers, employment initiatives and maternal health entitlements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But implementation falters. Workplace complaints go unanswered. Police refuse to register FIRs. Court delays deny justice for years. Social expectations continue to push women back into caregiving roles regardless of their education or employment. Too often, policies treat women as beneficiaries of welfare rather than agents of change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The result is a widening gulf between empowerment as a statistic and empowerment as a lived reality. Women may have a bank account, but not the freedom to decide how to use it. They may have a seat at a workplace, but not protection from harassment. They may hold a degree, but not the autonomy to marry or move freely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-global-lens-india-is-not-alone\"><strong>A global lens: India is not alone<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This paradox is not unique to India. Across the Global South, women\u2019s empowerment on paper frequently clashes with entrenched patriarchal realities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In <strong>Bangladesh<\/strong>, rising garment sector employment has given millions of women financial independence \u2014 yet reports of gender-based violence remain high, particularly against working women.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In <strong>Kenya<\/strong>, despite women\u2019s strong presence in informal markets, land ownership remains overwhelmingly male, constraining women\u2019s decision-making.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <strong>United States<\/strong>, women occupy leadership roles in record numbers, yet face rising maternal mortality rates, particularly among Black women, pointing to systemic neglect of gendered health needs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_16_45-PM-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_16_45-PM-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_16_45-PM-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_16_45-PM-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_16_45-PM-1200x800.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_16_45-PM.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Globally, progress in economic participation is often undermined by stagnant or worsening indicators on safety, health and representation. The UN\u2019s 2023 SDG Gender Snapshot warns that not a single target on gender equality is on track to be met by 2030. Less than 1% of women and girls live in countries with both high empowerment and low gender inequality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>India\u2019s paradox is thus part of a global crisis: the risk that empowerment rhetoric outpaces structural reform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-feminist-movements-and-the-call-for-gender-education\"><strong>Feminist movements and the call for gender education<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If structural failures weaken empowerment, feminist movements provide the counterweight. From protests after the 2012 Delhi gang rape to campaigns against child marriage and workplace harassment, India\u2019s women\u2019s rights movements have consistently forced political and social attention onto issues often brushed aside.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Globally too, feminist movements have held democracies accountable. In Latin America, campaigns like <strong>Ni Una Menos<\/strong> mobilised millions to confront femicide. In the Middle East, women-led protests in Iran and Afghanistan defied authoritarian crackdowns. These movements demonstrate that <strong>gender equality advances only when power is contested, not when it is benevolently granted<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One enduring solution lies in gender education. Integrating feminist studies, critical thinking and gender awareness into classrooms can help dismantle harmful norms early. Schools are not just spaces of instruction, but of social conditioning. By challenging unequal power dynamics in education itself, India can build generations less bound by patriarchal structures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-civil-society-s-role-bridging-the-gap\"><strong>Civil society\u2019s role: Bridging the gap<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>During COVID-19, when formal systems collapsed, India saw the importance of grassroots organisations in action. The Smile Foundation\u2019s <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/health\/\">Health Cannot Wait<\/a><\/strong> campaign reached vulnerable communities with hygiene kits and protective gear. Its community health workers conducted tele counselling and awareness campaigns when misinformation was rampant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beyond health, Smile Foundation\u2019s <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/women-empowerment\/\">Swabhiman<\/a> <\/strong>programme, launched in 2005, embodies how civil society can strengthen empowerment. Swabhiman works with socially excluded women across urban and rural areas, focusing on nutrition, healthcare and <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/livelihood\/\"   title=\"Livelihood\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2680\">livelihood<\/a>. It capacitates women through community practices, enabling them to seek healthcare, earn independently and participate in decision-making. Importantly, the programme engages men and boys to challenge patriarchal attitudes \u2014 tackling empowerment as a societal transformation rather than a women-only project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Its impact is measurable: 68 women-led businesses and micro-enterprises were created in FY24, alongside thousands of women trained in financial literacy, digital skills and entrepreneurship. Each case is a reminder that empowerment anchored in skills, safety and social awareness can translate to genuine agency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-way-forward-beyond-symbolic-empowerment\"><strong>The way forward: Beyond symbolic empowerment<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>So what would it take to move from symbolic empowerment to substantive equality? A few pathways emerge:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Safety as a non-negotiable baseline<\/strong>: Without bodily safety and institutional accountability, empowerment is precarious. Police reform, gender-sensitive law enforcement and fast-track courts must be prioritised.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Redefining empowerment<\/strong>: Policies must shift from seeing women as beneficiaries of welfare to agents of change. Schemes should embed women\u2019s decision-making power, not just extend support.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Feminist education<\/strong>: Gender studies should be integrated into mainstream curricula, building critical thinking around equality from an early age.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Economic independence + social support<\/strong>: Skilling programmes must go hand-in-hand with safety nets and family sensitisation, ensuring women who step into workspaces are not penalised at home.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Civil society and <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/corporate-partnership\/\"   title=\"Corporate Partnerships\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2681\">CSR<\/a> partnerships<\/strong>: NGOs and corporate partners must expand outcome-driven models, pooling resources to deliver measurable change \u2014 from digital inclusion to entrepreneurship.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-with-or-without-power\"><strong>With or without power<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>India\u2019s women today live in contradiction. They are more educated, more visible and more ambitious than any generation before. But their achievements are too often shadowed by danger, stigma and systemic neglect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>True empowerment is not about counting women in classrooms or boardrooms, but about ensuring those women can walk home safely, speak without fear and claim their rights without retaliation. It is about shifting from symbolic progress to structural power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The choice India faces is stark, that of continuing celebrating milestones while ignoring the dangers or confront the paradox head-on by investing in safety, feminist education and inclusive systems. Civil society, movements and policy reforms together can ensure that empowerment is not a veneer but a lived reality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because empowerment without safety is not empowerment at all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1022\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_32_43-PM-1022x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14406\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_32_43-PM-1022x1024.png 1022w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_32_43-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_32_43-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_32_43-PM-768x770.png 768w, https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-Aug-26-2025-11_32_43-PM.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1022px) 100vw, 1022px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Women in India are more visible than ever in classrooms, boardrooms and public life. Yet empowerment often collides with vulnerability. From rising crime rates to institutional failures, progress remains incomplete. True equality means pairing opportunity with safety, dignity and structural change \u2014 so empowerment translates into real power.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9792,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14401","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-women-empowerment"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14401","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14401"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14401\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.smilefoundationindia.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}